Angle brackets in command-line arguments?

[Keith Hughitt]

Hi all,

I am using someone else's script which expects input in the form of:

./script.py <arg1arg2

I was wondering if the angle-brackets here have a special meaning? It
seems like
they specify an input and output stream to use in place of the
console. I could not
find anything in the python manual or Python in a Nut-shell though.

Anyone know?
Thanks,
Keith

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

On Wed, 16 Jul 2008 07:53:56 -0700, Keith Hughitt wrote:

I am using someone else's script which expects input in the form of:

./script.py <arg1arg2

I was wondering if the angle-brackets here have a special meaning? It
seems like they specify an input and output stream to use in place of the
console. I could not find anything in the python manual or Python in a
Nut-shell though.

Anyone know?

That's not Python's business but the command shell's. Those characters
are used for redirecting input and ouput from/to files in shells, so it
should be covered in the documentation of the shell you are using.
Including ways to protect the characters, so they reach the called program
in arguments.

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch

[Fredrik Lundh]

Keith Hughitt wrote:

I am using someone else's script which expects input in the form of:

./script.py <arg1arg2

<argis a common notation for "replace with argument value", so it
could be that they're just expecting you to type:

./script.py arg1 arg2

Alternatively, they meant

./script.py <arg1 >arg2

in which case arg1 and arg2 are filenames. This is most commonly used
with tools that process textfiles in some way. In the latter case, you
can try the script simply by running:

./script.py

and then typing the input to the terminal (use control-D on Unix or
control-Z on Windows to terminate).

Do the instructions use more meaningful names than "arg1" and "arg2"?

</F>

[Gary Herron]

Keith Hughitt wrote:

Hi all,

I am using someone else's script which expects input in the form of:

./script.py <arg1arg2

I was wondering if the angle-brackets here have a special meaning? It
seems like
they specify an input and output stream to use in place of the
console. I could not
find anything in the python manual or Python in a Nut-shell though.

Anyone know?
Thanks,
Keith
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

In most Unix/Linux and related OS shells, the angled brackets *do*
specify input and output streams as you surmise. However, they are
*not* seen by the script as command line arguments. (And they are
*not* brackets, and do not need to be matched. )

For any command,
cmd < file
redirects the contents of file to cmd's standard input, which in Python
is accessed by reading from sys.stdin (use input or raw_input or
sys.stdin.read. ..)

Also for any command,
cmd file
redirects the output of cmd to the named file. In Python this can be
accessed using print, sys.stdout.writ e, ...

Anything written to sys.stderr will not be caught by the ">"
redirection, ans so will probably end up on the screen instead of in file.

Also various shells will provide similar functionality using a variety
of similar syntaxes: <<, >>, >&, and |, and so on.

Gary Herron

[Keith Hughitt]

On Jul 16, 11:16*am, Gary Herron <gher...@island training.comwro te:

Keith Hughitt wrote:

Hi all,

I am using someone else's script which expects input in the form of:

* * *./script.py <arg1arg2

I was wondering if the angle-brackets here have a special meaning? It
seems like
they specify an input and output stream to use in place of the
console. I could not
find anything in the python manual or Python in a Nut-shell though.

Anyone know?

Thanks,
Keith
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

In most Unix/Linux and related OS shells, *the angled brackets *do*
specify input and output streams as you surmise. *However, they are
*not* seen by the script *as command line arguments. *(And they are
*not* brackets, and do not need to be matched. )

For any command,
* cmd < file
redirects the contents of file to cmd's standard input, which in Python
is accessed by reading from sys.stdin (use input or raw_input or
sys.stdin.read. ..)

Also for any command,
* cmd file
redirects the output of cmd to the named file. *In Python this can be
accessed using print, sys.stdout.writ e, ...

Anything written to sys.stderr will not be caught by the ">"
redirection, ans so will probably end up on the screen instead of in file..

*Also various shells will provide similar functionality using a variety
of similar syntaxes: *<<, >>, >&, and |, and so on.

Gary Herron

Thanks all for the quick response. I should have known it was shell-
related. I haven't ever had to use this
kind of redirection before, mostly just the single-bracket version to
feed the contents of a file into some
command.

The reason it was causing me concern in the first place was that I was
trying to execute a python script
from Apache Ant, and it was failing. It turned out that when I escaped
the angle brackets in Ant, they were
there-after treated as normal command-line arguments, so when the
script was then executed, it just had
some additional values in sys.argv.

I ended up getting around the issue by creating a small bash-script
which simply wraps input in angle brackets
and then executes the python script itself. That way I didn't have to
escape anything in in Ant, and things
worked well.

Thanks everyone for taking the time to explain things to me. I really
appreciate the help :)

Take care,
Keith