GC, Should I care?

[Chris Mayers]

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm writing
and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to give
me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the form
etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep going
up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[Jsp]

Use "SetProcessWork ingSetSize(-1,-1)" from kernel32.dll instead.

"Chris Mayers" <ch************ **@SUEDEYahoo.C om> wrote in message
news:uy******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP10.phx.gbl...

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm writing
and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to give
me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some
code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open
the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the form
etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep going
up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[Phil Wilson]

If Form2 has a collection of controls on it, they've got Finalizers and
Dispose methods that aren't being called (because the only Dispose you're
calling is on Form2 itself). So it's possible that you have a queue of
Finalizers (for those controls) that haven't been called yet, and that queue
grows every time you instantiate a form2. The CLR Profiler should help you
see what's going on.
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/d...displaylang=en
--
Phil Wilson
[Microsoft MVP-Windows Installer]

"Chris Mayers" <ch************ **@SUEDEYahoo.C om> wrote in message
news:uy******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP10.phx.gbl...

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm writing
and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to give
me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some
code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open
the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the form
etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep going
up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[Chris Mayers]

OK,

So should I override the Dispose method in Form2 and use it to call Dispose
on each of its controls, I was thinking of giving that a shot anyway.

Chris.
"Phil Wilson" <pd*******@nosp am.cox.net> wrote in message
news:eF******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP12.phx.gbl...

If Form2 has a collection of controls on it, they've got Finalizers and
Dispose methods that aren't being called (because the only Dispose you're
calling is on Form2 itself). So it's possible that you have a queue of
Finalizers (for those controls) that haven't been called yet, and that queue grows every time you instantiate a form2. The CLR Profiler should help you
see what's going on.
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/d...displaylang=en --
Phil Wilson
[Microsoft MVP-Windows Installer]

"Chris Mayers" <ch************ **@SUEDEYahoo.C om> wrote in message
news:uy******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP10.phx.gbl...

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm writing and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to give me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some
code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open
the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the form etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep going up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[Stefan Simek]

Chris Mayers wrote:

OK,

So should I override the Dispose method in Form2 and use it to call Dispose
on each of its controls, I was thinking of giving that a shot anyway.

Chris.
No, Control.Dispose disposes all child controls as well. Because every
form derives from Control, in disposes all it's children recursively.

HTH,
Stefan


"Phil Wilson" <pd*******@nosp am.cox.net> wrote in message
news:eF******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP12.phx.gbl...

If Form2 has a collection of controls on it, they've got Finalizers and
Dispose methods that aren't being called (because the only Dispose you're
calling is on Form2 itself). So it's possible that you have a queue of
Finalizers (for those controls) that haven't been called yet, and that
The above is *not* true.

queue

grows every time you instantiate a form2. The CLR Profiler should help you
see what's going on.

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/d...displaylang=en

--
Phil Wilson
[Microsoft MVP-Windows Installer]

"Chris Mayers" <ch************ **@SUEDEYahoo.C om> wrote in message
news:uy****** ********@TK2MSF TNGP10.phx.gbl. ..

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm

writing
and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to
give
me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some
code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open
the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the
form
etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep
going
up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[AMercer]

Re "So should I override ..", the answer is no, unless you are chasing a real
memory leak. if you want to see memory reclaimed, then use
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers in cunjunction with GC.Collect. Once upon a
time, while chasing a memory leak, I coded

Dim i As Integer
Dim l As Long
For i = 1 To 3
GC.Collect()
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers()
l = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(True)
Next

My purpose was to coerce garbage collections so I could watch the memory
leak grow without the confusion of delayed garbage collections. When growth
stopped, I had fixed my memory leak. FYI the leak was my failure to
explicitly call Dispose for a context menu that I created in a non-standard
way.

The bottom line is that you don't need to worry about GC absent a problem
like a memory leak. The code fragment above may help you discover if you do
have a memory leak. Ditto Jsp's comment re trimming the working set. Both
are useful in development and debugging, but they have no place in production
code.
"Chris Mayers" wrote:

OK,

So should I override the Dispose method in Form2 and use it to call Dispose
on each of its controls, I was thinking of giving that a shot anyway.

Chris.
"Phil Wilson" <pd*******@nosp am.cox.net> wrote in message
news:eF******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP12.phx.gbl...

If Form2 has a collection of controls on it, they've got Finalizers and
Dispose methods that aren't being called (because the only Dispose you're
calling is on Form2 itself). So it's possible that you have a queue of
Finalizers (for those controls) that haven't been called yet, and that

queue

grows every time you instantiate a form2. The CLR Profiler should help you
see what's going on.

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/d...displaylang=en

--
Phil Wilson
[Microsoft MVP-Windows Installer]

"Chris Mayers" <ch************ **@SUEDEYahoo.C om> wrote in message
news:uy******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP10.phx.gbl...

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm writing and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to give me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some
code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open
the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the form etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep going up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[Jesse Towner]

AMercer wrote:

Re "So should I override ..", the answer is no, unless you are chasing a real
memory leak. if you want to see memory reclaimed, then use
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers in cunjunction with GC.Collect. Once upon a
time, while chasing a memory leak, I coded

Dim i As Integer
Dim l As Long
For i = 1 To 3
GC.Collect()
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers()
l = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(True)
Next

Yes, the correct way to force a garbage collection and ensure everything
that can be collected does indeed get collected is as follows:

Int64 totalMemory;

GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers();
GC.Collect();

totalMemory = GC.GetTotalMemo ry();

The reason you must make two calls to GC.Collect is because the first
call queues inaccessible objects with finalizers in the finalization
queue--in other words, they're automatically promoted to the second
generation. This is why you always hear that you should avoid the use of
finalizers, and to make sure to explicitly and deterministical ly dispose
of such objects. Anyway, you then wait for the all of the objects to be
finalized, and then you perform a full collection again to collect the
now finalized objects.

Your loop implicitly does this; however, I'd make sure to retrieve the
total memory available after an additional call to GC.Collect, instead
of calling it immediately after GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers.

- Jesse Towner

[Sean Hederman]

"Jsp" <jsp@hotjktco m> wrote in message
news:ew******** *****@TK2MSFTNG P14.phx.gbl...

Use "SetProcessWork ingSetSize(-1,-1)" from kernel32.dll instead.
This does not clear up memory leaks. All it does is tell Windows to tidy up
the processes working set. This may result in less memory use for the
moment, but will significantly slow down your app when it needs to expand
it's working set (e.g. when it creates a new variable).
"Chris Mayers" <ch************ **@SUEDEYahoo.C om> wrote in message
news:uy******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP10.phx.gbl...

I am trying to track a suspected memory leak in an application I'm
writing
and through repeated simplification of my project, I have found the
following which is quite easily replicated should you be prepared to give
me
5 minutes of your time...

Create a new C# (Probably the same in VB dotNET but I've not tried it)
Windows application with 2 forms, the default form -Form1 and one other
one.
that has a bunch of controls on it (say 20 buttons, 20 labels and a
DataGrid) - Form2.

On the default form, add a button to display the second form with some
code
like:

private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
using (form2 formTwo = new form2())
{
form2.ShowDialo g();
}
}

also on Form1 add a label, and a timer that updates the label text as
follows (updates every 5 seconds -Interval = 5000-):

private void timer1_Tick(obj ect sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
label1.Text = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(False);
}

and finally a button that forces a Garbage Collection:

private button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
GC.Collect();
}

OK, my question/query is this, if I repeatedly click the button to open
the
second form, then close the second form, click the button, close the form
etc. about 20-30 times, the display of GetTotalMemory seems to keep going
up, and even after forcing Garbage Collections, never seems to get fully
reclaimed. Should I care? and if I should, what (if anything) can I do
about
it?

I would really appreciate an answer from someone who understands these
things...

Thanks a lot,

Chris.

[AMercer]

We are saying and doing the same thing. By coding GC.GetTotalMemo ry(True), I
am doing the 2nd GC.Collect() that you indicate. The for loop is used to
counter the following (related) info found in the remarks section of the
documentation for GC.GetTotalMemo ry(forceFullCol lection):

"If forceFullCollec tion is true, this method waits a short interval before
returning while the system collects garbage and finalizes objects. The
duration of the interval is an internally specified limit determined by the
number of garbage collection cycles completed and the change in the amount of
memory recovered between cycles. The garbage collector does not guarantee
that all inaccessible memory is collected."

My objective was an accurate estimate managed memory to help chase a memory
leak. The phrases "short interval" and "does not guarantee" did not inspire
confidence, hence the for loop. In my environment, 3 iterations were
productive, and 4 or more were not.

"Jesse Towner" wrote:

AMercer wrote:

Re "So should I override ..", the answer is no, unless you are chasing a real
memory leak. if you want to see memory reclaimed, then use
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers in cunjunction with GC.Collect. Once upon a
time, while chasing a memory leak, I coded

Dim i As Integer
Dim l As Long
For i = 1 To 3
GC.Collect()
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers()
l = GC.GetTotalMemo ry(True)
Next

Yes, the correct way to force a garbage collection and ensure everything
that can be collected does indeed get collected is as follows:

Int64 totalMemory;

GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers();
GC.Collect();

totalMemory = GC.GetTotalMemo ry();

The reason you must make two calls to GC.Collect is because the first
call queues inaccessible objects with finalizers in the finalization
queue--in other words, they're automatically promoted to the second
generation. This is why you always hear that you should avoid the use of
finalizers, and to make sure to explicitly and deterministical ly dispose
of such objects. Anyway, you then wait for the all of the objects to be
finalized, and then you perform a full collection again to collect the
now finalized objects.

Your loop implicitly does this; however, I'd make sure to retrieve the
total memory available after an additional call to GC.Collect, instead
of calling it immediately after GC.WaitForPendi ngFinalizers.

- Jesse Towner