Open Source / Collaboration

Bill Marsden

Hi. I am an under-graduate currently studying Open Source (Linux) vs Closed
Source and Collaboration within the IT Community. I am fairly new to
Javascript and I have written a "Lottery Program" which essentially picks 6
numbers at random and puts them in sequence.

Would anyone would be interested in modifying the code below to

a). Check for bugs
b). Make the program more efficient

My idea is to see the response to this so as to make a comparison to
developers and the Open Source Movement.

Thanks

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> Program_7.2.1 First Program

</TITLE>

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE = "JavaScript ">

/*************** *************** ***/

/* */

/* Lottery Program */

/* Author: Bill Marsden */

/* Date: 17/05/2004 */

/* */

/*************** *************** ***/

// Define Variables

var lott_one;

var lott_two;

var lott_three;

var lott_four;

var lott_five;

var lott_six;

var sort_numbers;

var another_go;

another_go = 'YES'

while (another_go == 'YES')

{

// Load the balls! Our adjudicator tonight is Bill Marsden !

lott_one = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

lott_two = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

// Main body of program testing for unique numbers

if (lott_two == lott_one)

{

lott_two = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1)

}

;

lott_three = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

if (lott_three == lott_two || lott_three == lott_one)

{

lott_three = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1)

}

;

lott_four = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

if (lott_four == lott_three || lott_four == lott_two || lott_four ==
lott_one)

{

lott_four = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1)

}

;

lott_five = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

if (lott_five == lott_four || lott_five == lott_three ||

lott_five == lott_two || lott_five == lott_one)

{

lott_five = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1)

}

;

lott_six = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

if (lott_six == lott_five || lott_six == lott_four ||

lott_six == lott_three || lott_six == lott_two || lott_six ==
lott_one)

{

lott_six = Math.floor(Math .random(1)*50+1 )

}

;

// We have our selection, lets sort them in ascending order

sort_numbers = [lott_one , lott_two , lott_three , lott_four , lott_five ,
lott_six]

function sortNumbers(a, b) { return a - b}

// Are you a lucky winner? Check the output!

document.write( 'And this weeks winning numbers are:' + '<BR>'

+ sort_numbers.so rt(sortNumbers) + '<BR>' + '<BR>' ) ;

another_go = window.prompt(' Another go? Enter YES/NO' , '') ;

}

;

</SCRIPT>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

</BODY>

</HTML>

Jul 23 '05 #1

Subscribe Reply

2269

Lee

Bill Marsden said:

Hi. I am an under-graduate currently studying Open Source (Linux) vs Closed
Source and Collaboration within the IT Community. I am fairly new to
Javascript and I have written a "Lottery Program" which essentially picks 6
numbers at random and puts them in sequence.

Would anyone would be interested in modifying the code below to

a). Check for bugs
b). Make the program more efficient

My idea is to see the response to this so as to make a comparison to
developers and the Open Source Movement.

I can't help but suspect that your idea is to get somebody
else to do your homework assignment.

1. Your code is hard to read.
In my newsreader it's double-spaced.
There are extraneous semi-colons on lines by themselves.

2. You should use an array, instead of lott_one, lott_two, etc.

3. Your algorithm allows duplicate numbers.

if (lott_two == lott_one)
{
lott_two = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1)
}
// lott_two can still be the same as lott_one

4. You don't allow the page to ever finish loading,
which is the only reason you can get away with
using document.write( ) more than once. That may
be ok for a very simple case, but it's questionable.
There are other things that I would do differently,
but you probably haven't covered them, yet.
Reading the newsgroup's FAQ before posting is always
a good idea. I believe it contains a link to a page
that has an efficient function for returning random
numbers without repetition.
http://www.jibbering.com/faq/#FAQ4_22
The link to "Dealing and Shuffling".

Jul 23 '05 #2

Richard Cornford

Bill Marsden wrote:

Hi. I am an under-graduate currently studying Open Source (Linux)
vs Closed Source and Collaboration within the IT Community.
Either that or you are a student trying to find a credible excuse for
getting help with your programming homework (it is that time of year
again :)
I am fairly new to Javascript and I have written
a "Lottery Program" which essentially picks 6 numbers
at random and puts them in sequence.
That certainly sounds like a programming exercise. It certainly isn't
something that you would write for the benefit of humanity.
Would anyone would be interested in modifying the code below to
The best modification is to delete it and start again.
a). Check for bugs
b). Make the program more efficient

My idea is to see the response to this so as to make a
comparison to developers and the Open Source Movement.
If that is your real reason I don't see how you could learn anything
useful from this exercise.

<snip> <SCRIPT LANGUAGE = "JavaScript ">
The language attribute is deprecated in HTML 4.01 and the type attribute
is required:-

<SCRIPT type="text/javascript">

<snip> // Define Variables
var lott_one;
var lott_two;
var lott_three;
var lott_four;
var lott_five;
var lott_six;
Six variables with numeric suffixes makes it look like you probably want
to be using an Array instead.

<snip> another_go = 'YES'
another_go looks like it should be boolean. Generally, if a variable is
only going to have two states it should be boolean. In this case the two
states are "YES" and NOT "YES", they should be true and false.
while (another_go == 'YES')
if - another_go - had been boolean you would not need to be doing a
relatively heavyweight string comparison in the test expression of
your - while - loop. Instead you would use:-

while (another_go)

- which is considerably simpler and faster.

<snip> // Load the balls! Our adjudicator tonight is Bill Marsden !
?
lott_one = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;

lott_two = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1) ;
Random numbers form 1 to 50 (except maybe on the buggy and old Opera 4 &
5 browsers where they might get to 51). That is 0 to < 50 plus 1 == 1 to
< 51, rounded down == 1 to 50.
// Main body of program testing for unique numbers
if (lott_two == lott_one)
{

lott_two = Math.floor(Math .random()*50+1)

}
You realise that this isn't going to work properly because there is
always a chance that the replacement - lott_two - number will be the
same as the first and so still identical to - lott_one -?

<snip> if (lott_three == lott_two || lott_three == lott_one)
A pattern is starting to emerge.

<snip> if (lott_six == lott_five || lott_six == lott_four ||

lott_six == lott_three || lott_six == lott_two || lott_six ==
lott_one)

Yes, this is a ludicrous thing to be doing.

I would go into the details of why but in reality the algorithm
implemented here is just wrong. The algorithm should be:-

1. Create a re-orderable collection/Array of all of
the numbers (1 to 50 in your case).
2. Randomly shuffle that collection/Array.
3. Pull the first 6 numbers from the front (or end),
they should be random and they will never coincide
with each other.

Google for "javascript shuffle"

<snip>

Now the part that tells the student with a desire to have their homework
done for them from the individual with a genuine desire; an
implementation that no idle student could ever hope to get away with
handing it as their own work :)

In previous discussions of the shuffling problem I have often wondered
whether a stack could be used instead of an array. With the items
representing the numbers being dropped onto the stack such that they
would fall to a randomly determined depth within the stack. I don't know
if that would be a mathematically good shuffle but I thought it was
about time I had a go at implementing it:-

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<script type="text/javascript">

var sixNumbers = (function(){
function pull(){
base = this.next;
return this;
}
function toString(){
return String(this.val ueOf());
}
function b(itm){
itm.next = b;
itm.index = 1;
return itm;
}
function aSort(a, b){return a - b;}
b.pull = pull;
b.index = 0;
b.next = b;
b.toString = toString;
b.valueOf = function(){retu rn '';};
var base = b;
var outAr = [];
function getStackFnc(num ){
function p(itm, index){
if(index < p.index){
p.next = p.next(itm, index);
++p.index;
return p;
}else{
itm.next = p;
itm.index = p.index + 1;
return itm;
}
}
p.pull = pull;
p.index = NaN;
p.next = null;
p.valueOf = function(){retu rn num;};
p.toString = toString;
return p;
}
for(var c = 50;--c;){
base = base(getStackFn c(c), 1);
}
return ({
toString:functi on(){
var tempBase = b;
for(var c = outAr.length;c--;){
base = base(outAr[c],1);
}
for(var c = 50;--c;){
tempBase = tempBase(base.p ull(),
(((Math.random( )%1)*(tempBase. index+1))|0));
}
base = tempBase;
for(var c = 6;c--;){
outAr[c] = base.pull();
}
return outAr.sort(aSor t).join(' ');
}
});
})();

</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" name="f">
<input type="button" value="Get Numbers"
onclick="this.f orm.elements.t. value = sixNumbers;">
<textarea cols="70" rows="10" name="t"></textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>

The output range is 1 to 49, if you do want 1 to 50 you will have to
change the two occurrences of 50 to 51.

Richard.

Jul 23 '05 #3

Lee

Richard Cornford said:

Now the part that tells the student with a desire to have their homework
done for them from the individual with a genuine desire; an
implementati on that no idle student could ever hope to get away with
handing it as their own work :)

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function lotto(m,n){
var selected=new Array();
var hat=new Array(m+1);
for(while n--){
var r=Math.floor(Ma th.random()*m+1 );
selected.push(h at[r]?hat[r]:r);
hat[r]=m--;
}
return selected.sort(n umerically);
}
function numerically(a,b ){return a-b}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="this.i nnerHTML=lotto( 50,5)">go</button>
</body>
</html>

Jul 23 '05 #4

Lee

Lee said:

Richard Cornford said:
Now the part that tells the student with a desire to have their homework
done for them from the individual with a genuine desire; an
implementatio n that no idle student could ever hope to get away with
handing it as their own work :)

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function lotto(m,n){
var selected=new Array();
var hat=new Array(m+1);
for(while n--){
var r=Math.floor(Ma th.random()*m+1 );
selected.push(h at[r]?hat[r]:r);
hat[r]=m--;
}
return selected.sort(n umerically);
}
function numerically(a,b ){return a-b}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="this.i nnerHTML=lotto( 50,5)">go</button>
</body>
</html>

Extra credit: find the bug.

Jul 23 '05 #5

Dr John Stockton

JRS: In article <cb*********@dr n.newsguy.com>, seen in
news:comp.lang. javascript, Lee <RE************ **@cox.net> posted at Thu,
24 Jun 2004 10:07:22 :

Lee said:

Richard Cornford said:
Now the part that tells the student with a desire to have their homework
done for them from the individual with a genuine desire; an
implementati on that no idle student could ever hope to get away with
handing it as their own work :)

function lotto(m,n){
var selected=new Array();
var hat=new Array(m+1);
for(while n--){
var r=Math.floor(Ma th.random()*m+1 );
selected.push(h at[r]?hat[r]:r);
hat[r]=m--;
}
return selected.sort(n umerically);
}
function numerically(a,b ){return a-b} <button onclick="this.i nnerHTML=lotto( 50,5)">go</button>
Extra credit: find the bug.

That reminds me of a problem published in Scientific American, long ago;
a diagram showing circles and rectangles of paper dropped on the floor,
the question being to identify three instances of four points (a point
being a visible corner or intersection of edges) lying on a circle.
Four such instances could be found.

One bug is that the required version of JS is not specified. The OP is
apparently a UK student; he may have a nice new computer himself, but
his institution and its staff may be impoverished.

If I remove both the line with the amazing syntax and its mate ISTM that
I should have script that executes (but does not satisfy the OP) in
*your* browser; but I do not have Array.push, so it does not execute for
me. It should be easy enough to do without Array.push.

I have a syntax change which, combined with replacing push, seems at
first to work; but not at second.

If such a method works, it should work for drawing most or all of the
balls, and that will find some errors rather quickly.

It appears to be a method taking time proportional to the number of
balls drawn, rather than the number available; this is good.

I'd be pleased to put a compatible working copy on my Web page, with
attribution.

ISTM that the OP has one ball more than the customary 49.

--
© John Stockton, Surrey, UK. ?@merlyn.demon. co.uk Turnpike v4.00 IE 4 ©
<URL:http://jibbering.com/faq/> JL / RC : FAQ for news:comp.lang. javascript
<URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/js-index.htm> jscr maths, dates, sources.
<URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/> TP/BP/Delphi/jscr/&c, FAQ items, links.

Jul 23 '05 #6

Mick White

Bill Marsden wrote:

Hi. I am an under-graduate currently studying Open Source (Linux) vs Closed
Source and Collaboration within the IT Community. I am fairly new to
Javascript and I have written a "Lottery Program" which essentially picks 6
numbers at random and puts them in sequence.

Would anyone would be interested in modifying the code below to

a). Check for bugs
b). Make the program more efficient

<snip>
For some ideas look at:

http://www.mickweb.com/javascript/ra...y_lottery.html

Good luck

Jul 23 '05 #7

Lee

Dr John Stockton said:

I have a syntax change which, combined with replacing push, seems at
first to work; but not at second.

If such a method works, it should work for drawing most or all of the
balls, and that will find some errors rather quickly.

It appears to be a method taking time proportional to the number of
balls drawn, rather than the number available; this is good.

I'd be pleased to put a compatible working copy on my Web page, with
attribution.

The for(while) line was a typo. I changed the loop and apparently
made the edit in the post, rather than making a fresh copy of
tested code. I chose push() partly because it was unlikely to be
familiar to a student and partly for brevity, knowing that it made
the code less library worthy.

I'm relieved that the error I caught isn't so obvious as to be
completely humiliating. The algorithm simply doesn't work.
I didn't test with large enough n until after I posted it.
Then I started seeing duplicates.

Say m=5, n=3

pass 1:
r := 4
selected.push(4 )
hat[4] := 5
m := 4

pass 2:
r := 3
selected.push(3 )
hat[3] := 4 *** 4 re-enters the selection pool!
m := 3

pass 3:
r := 3
selected.push(h at[3]=4) *** duplicate!
hat[3] := 3
m := 2

result: 4,3,4

Jul 23 '05 #8

Dr John Stockton

JRS: In article <Uh************ *******@twister .nyroc.rr.com>, seen in
news:comp.lang. javascript, Mick White <mw******@BOGUS rochester.rr.co m>
posted at Fri, 25 Jun 2004 14:04:36 :

Bill Marsden wrote:
...
and I have written a "Lottery Program" which essentially picks 6
numbers at random and puts them in sequence.

Would anyone would be interested in modifying the code below to

a). Check for bugs
b). Make the program more efficient

<snip>
For some ideas look at:

http://www.mickweb.com/javascript/ra...y_lottery.html

I have looked at that page. It was not clear to me how it was supposed
to work, so I went to its source code.
The code is not indented.

While it is entirely appropriate for delivered code that is intended to
be read only by browsers to be not indented, code intended to be read or
edited by humans should be indented to show its intended logical
structure - preferably by two or three spaces per level, and not by a
tab. If that is not in the FAQ or the FAQ notes, then it should be.
The code uses getElementById. That is nowadays a reasonable choice; but
it should be an informed choice on the part of the code editor.
Accordingly, for code offered as example code, it would be well to note
the presence of a comparatively recent function, and/or to provide code
to emulate, if necessary, that function. Such code may be in the FAQ
notes; it is in my js-other.htm (taken from a post by Randy).
Your method is, basically, to generate an array of numbers (i.e. make
the balls), to shuffle it, and to take from the beginning the required
number of entries.

Your shuffle is done by a large number (300) of swaps of randomly-chosen
elements. Random is thus called 600 times, with, for 59 balls, 59
possibilities per call. Therefore there are, in principle assuming
random to be perfect, 59^600 ways for the code to run. But there are
59! possible orders of the balls, and 59^600 is not a multiple of 59!,
so the sequences cannot all be equi-probable, as they should be.

Granted, 59^600/59! is large : I think that it is about
23,398, ...,806.964 ~= 2.3e982, so the deviation will be unimportant.
But, more significantly, the method is slower than need be; only 59
calls of random are needed to shuffle the array equi-probably. The
method is quite well-known, in Knuth, linked from the FAQ, almost
obvious, and codes slightly shorter.

Starting with the array, one selects a ball at random, and swaps it with
the end ball. The last-placed ball is thus randomly chosen. The
process is repeated using only those balls not already chosen, until
there is one ball left (or no balls).

To pick a few balls, just terminate the process early and use the end
balls.
To obtain a random-order array of sequential numbers, there is no need
to pre-fill the array; a slight modification generates them directly.
At each step, the array is considered to be expanded by one position;
the content of a random location in the expanded array is moved to the
new position; the next new number is placed at that random position.
In code offered for others to read, it is better not to use l as an
identifier; it can look very much like 1 - likewise O and 0.
I would not choose to use func as an identifier for something which is
not a function. PrintResults is in effect a simple version of FAQ
DynWrite (with reversed parameters), and can print any string.
My copy of W3's checker TIDY (1st November 2003) reports several errors.
Many readers will be unfamiliar with some or all of the various
lotteries shown; it would be well to describe them briefly in words.

--
© John Stockton, Surrey, UK. ?@merlyn.demon. co.uk Turnpike v4.00 IE 4 ©
<URL:http://jibbering.com/faq/> JL / RC : FAQ for news:comp.lang. javascript
<URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/js-index.htm> jscr maths, dates, sources.
<URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/> TP/BP/Delphi/jscr/&c, FAQ items, links.

Jul 23 '05 #9

Dr John Stockton

JRS: In article <cb*********@dr n.newsguy.com>, seen in
news:comp.lang. javascript, Lee <RE************ **@cox.net> posted at Fri,
25 Jun 2004 16:53:07 :

The algorithm simply doesn't work.

I thought that it might be a version of that obtained via David Rifkind
and c.l.p.d.m, in <URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/pas-rand.htm#Draw>:

type RandomSet = set of 1..MaxN ;

{ Generate M non-repeating random numbers from 1 to N }
procedure GenerateRandomS et(M, N : integer ; var aSet : RandomSet) ;
var J : integer ;
begin
if M < 1 then aSet := []
else begin
GenerateRandomS et(M - 1, N - 1, aSet) ;
J := Random(N) + 1 { J is in [1..N] } ;
if J in aSet then Include(aSet, N) else Include(aSet, J) ;
end ;
end {GenerateRandom Set} ;

It seems to work, & DR is trustworthy.

Throwing it rapidly into javascript, I got a function returning an array
of length <= N in which M elements existed at random positions indexed
1..N - which corresponds to Pascal/Delphi set notation. A minor change
then made the element at position K, if present, be of value K. One
needs then only to strip the undefined elements, which ISTM that sort
will do. There may be a quicker way than sort, for this special case;
and I cannot say whether sort really should do what is wanted.
function GenerateRandomS et(M, N) {
// Generate M non-repeating random numbers from 1 to N }
if (M<1) return []
var aSet = GenerateRandomS et(M-1, N-1)
var J = Math.floor(Math .random()*N) + 1 // J is in 1..N
aSet[J] ? aSet[N]=N : aSet[J]=J
return aSet }

Ans = GenerateRandomS et(3, 9) // .sort() // to compactify
NOTES :
1. The translation needs to be checked
2. The javascript needs to be tested
3. In fact, sort only moves the selected elements together. How best
to compactify?
4. Recursion may not be quickest

BTW, it is easy to see that Random is called M times, with appropriate
handling to get the correct number of possibilities.

--
© John Stockton, Surrey, UK. ?@merlyn.demon. co.uk Turnpike v4.00 MIME. ©
<URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/> TP/BP/Delphi/&c., FAQqy topics & links;
<URL:http://www.merlyn.demo n.co.uk/clpb-faq.txt> RAH Prins : c.l.p.b mFAQ;
<URL:ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/link/tsfaqp.zip> Timo Salmi's Turbo Pascal FAQ.

Jul 23 '05 #10

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by: Hystou | last post by:

Most computers default to English, but sometimes we require a different language, especially when relocating. Forgot to request a specific language before your computer shipped? No problem! You can effortlessly switch the default language on Windows 10 without reinstalling. I'll walk you through it. First, let's disable language synchronization. With a Microsoft account, language settings sync across devices. To prevent any complications,...

Windows Server

8605

Discussion: How does Zigbee compare with other wireless protocols in smart home applications?

by: tracyyun | last post by:

Dear forum friends, With the development of smart home technology, a variety of wireless communication protocols have appeared on the market, such as Zigbee, Z-Wave, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc. Each protocol has its own unique characteristics and advantages, but as a user who is planning to build a smart home system, I am a bit confused by the choice of these technologies. I'm particularly interested in Zigbee because I've heard it does some...

General

6163

Access Europe - Using VBA to create a class based on a table - Wed 1 May

by: isladogs | last post by:

The next Access Europe User Group meeting will be on Wednesday 1 May 2024 starting at 18:00 UK time (6PM UTC+1) and finishing by 19:30 (7.30PM). In this session, we are pleased to welcome a new presenter, Adolph Dupré who will be discussing some powerful techniques for using class modules. He will explain when you may want to use classes instead of User Defined Types (UDT). For example, to manage the data in unbound forms. Adolph will...

Microsoft Access / VBA

5632

Couldn’t get equations in html when convert word .docx file to html file in C#.

by: conductexam | last post by:

I have .net C# application in which I am extracting data from word file and save it in database particularly. To store word all data as it is I am converting the whole word file firstly in HTML and then checking html paragraph one by one. At the time of converting from word file to html my equations which are in the word document file was convert into image. Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Select();...

C# / C Sharp

4151

Trying to create a lan-to-lan vpn between two differents networks

by: TSSRALBI | last post by:

Hello I'm a network technician in training and I need your help. I am currently learning how to create and manage the different types of VPNs and I have a question about LAN-to-LAN VPNs. The last exercise I practiced was to create a LAN-to-LAN VPN between two Pfsense firewalls, by using IPSEC protocols. I succeeded, with both firewalls in the same network. But I'm wondering if it's possible to do the same thing, with 2 Pfsense firewalls...

Networking - Hardware / Configuration

4301

Windows Forms - .Net 8.0

by: adsilva | last post by:

A Windows Forms form does not have the event Unload, like VB6. What one acts like?

Visual Basic .NET

2726

transfer the data from one system to another through ip address

by: 6302768590 | last post by:

Hai team i want code for transfer the data from one system to another through IP address by using C# our system has to for every 5mins then we have to update the data what the data is updated we have to send another system

C# / C Sharp

1607

Comprehensive Guide to Website Development in Toronto: Expert Insights from BSMN Consultancy

by: bsmnconsultancy | last post by:

In today's digital era, a well-designed website is crucial for businesses looking to succeed. Whether you're a small business owner or a large corporation in Toronto, having a strong online presence can significantly impact your brand's success. BSMN Consultancy, a leader in Website Development in Toronto offers valuable insights into creating effective websites that not only look great but also perform exceptionally well. In this comprehensive...

General