Windows Programming/C++ problem.

[hesamjamei]

Hello!!

I am just about to break my computer......

Is a Window Programming issue .....compiler errors are as below :

1>------ Build started: Project: Project 78, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling...
1>TextOut3.cpp
1>c:\documents and settings\seyed\ my documents\game course\cpp2\cha pter 5 cpp\projects\pr oject 78\project 78\textout3.cpp (57) : error C2664: 'TextOutW' : cannot convert parameter 4 from 'const char *' to 'LPCWSTR'
1> Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cas t, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>c:\documents and settings\seyed\ my documents\game course\cpp2\cha pter 5 cpp\projects\pr oject 78\project 78\textout3.cpp (97) : error C2440: '=' : cannot convert from 'const char [15]' to 'LPCWSTR'
1> Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cas t, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>c:\documents and settings\seyed\ my documents\game course\cpp2\cha pter 5 cpp\projects\pr oject 78\project 78\textout3.cpp (105) : error C2664: 'CreateWindowEx W' : cannot convert parameter 2 from 'const char [15]' to 'LPCWSTR'
1> Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cas t, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>c:\documents and settings\seyed\ my documents\game course\cpp2\cha pter 5 cpp\projects\pr oject 78\project 78\textout3.cpp (109) : error C2664: 'MessageBoxW' : cannot convert parameter 2 from 'const char [22]' to 'LPCWSTR'
1> Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cas t, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>Build log was saved at "file://c:\Documents and Settings\seyed\ My Documents\Game Course\CPP2\Cha pter 5 CPP\Projects\Pr oject 78\Project 78\Debug\BuildL og.htm"
1>Project 78 - 4 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========


The entire program :

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
 
//=========================================================
// Globals.
 
HWND      ghMainWnd = 0;
HINSTANCE ghAppInst = 0;
 
struct TextObj
{
    string s; // The string object.
    POINT  p; // The position of the string, relative to the
              // upper-left corner of the client rectangle of
              // the window.
};
 
vector<TextObj> gTextObjs;
 
// Step 1: Define and implement the window procedure.
LRESULT CALLBACK 
WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{    
    // Objects for painting.
    HDC hdc = 0;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
 
    TextObj to;
 
    switch( msg )
    {    
    // Handle left mouse button click message.
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
        to.s = "Hello, World.";
 
        // Point that was clicked is stored in the lParam.
        to.p.x = LOWORD(lParam);
        to.p.y = HIWORD(lParam);
 
        // Add to our global list of text objects.
        gTextObjs.push_back( to );
 
        InvalidateRect(hWnd, 0, false);
 
        return 0;    
    case WM_PAINT:
        hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
 
        for(int i = 0; i < (signed)gTextObjs.size(); ++i)
            TextOut(
                hdc, 
                gTextObjs[i].p.x, 
                gTextObjs[i].p.y, 
                gTextObjs[i].s.c_str(),
                            /*ERROR>>>>*/    (int)gTextObjs[i].s.size()); 
 
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        return 0;
 
    // Handle key down message.
    case WM_KEYDOWN:    
        if( wParam == VK_ESCAPE )
            DestroyWindow(ghMainWnd);
 
        return 0;    
    // Handle destroy window message.
    case WM_DESTROY:     
        PostQuitMessage(0); 
        return 0;    
    }    
    // Forward any other messages we didn't handle to the
    // default window procedure.
    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
 
// WinMain: Entry point for a Windows application.
int WINAPI 
WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, 
        PSTR cmdLine, int showCmd)
{
    // Save handle to application instance.
    ghAppInst = hInstance;
 
    // Step 2: Fill out a WNDCLASS instance.
    WNDCLASS wc; 
    wc.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
    wc.cbClsExtra    = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra    = 0;
    wc.hInstance     = ghAppInst;
    wc.hIcon         = ::LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wc.hCursor       = ::LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wc.lpszMenuName  = 0;
    /*ERROR>>>>*/      wc.lpszClassName = "MyWndClassName";
 
    // Step 3: Register the WNDCLASS instance with Windows.
    RegisterClass( &wc );
 
    // Step 4: Create the window, and save handle in globla
    // window handle variable ghMainWnd.
    ghMainWnd = ::CreateWindow("MyWndClassName", "TextOut Example",   
    /*ERROR>>>>*/    WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 200, 200, 640, 480, 0, 0, ghAppInst, 0);
 
    if(ghMainWnd == 0)
    {
            /*ERROR>>>>*/MessageBox(0, "CreateWindow - Failed", 0, 0);
        return false;
    }
 
    // Step 5: Show and update the window.
    ShowWindow(ghMainWnd, showCmd);
    UpdateWindow(ghMainWnd);
 
    // Step 6: Enter the message loop and don't quit until
    // a WM_QUIT message is received.
    MSG msg;
    ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(MSG));
 
    while( GetMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0) )
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }
 
    // Return exit code back to operating system.
    return (int)msg.wParam;
}
 

I have indicated lines causing compiler error.


so what the hell is going on here??!!!

some one help!

many thanks.....

[weaknessforcats]

Here's your code that compiles and links:

#include "stdafx.h"
//#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
 
//==================================================  =======
// Globals.
 
HWND      ghMainWnd = 0;
HINSTANCE ghAppInst = 0;
 
struct TextObj
{
    wstring s; // The string object.
    POINT  p; // The position of the string, relative to the
              // upper-left corner of the client rectangle of
              // the window.
};
 
vector<TextObj> gTextObjs;
 
// Step 1: Define and implement the window procedure.
LRESULT CALLBACK 
WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{   
    // Objects for painting.
    HDC hdc = 0;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
 
    TextObj to;
 
    switch( msg )
    {   
    // Handle left mouse button click message.
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
        to.s = TEXT("Hello, World.");
 
        // Point that was clicked is stored in the lParam.
        to.p.x = LOWORD(lParam);
        to.p.y = HIWORD(lParam);
 
        // Add to our global list of text objects.
        gTextObjs.push_back( to );
 
        InvalidateRect(hWnd, 0, false);
 
        return 0;   
    case WM_PAINT:
        hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
 
        for(int i = 0; i < (signed)gTextObjs.size(); ++i)
            TextOut(
                hdc, 
                gTextObjs[i].p.x, 
                gTextObjs[i].p.y, 
                gTextObjs[i].s.c_str(),
          //                  /*ERROR>>>>*/    (int)gTextObjs[i].s.size()); 
    gTextObjs[i].s.size()
    ); 
 
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        return 0;
 
    // Handle key down message.
    case WM_KEYDOWN:    
        if( wParam == VK_ESCAPE )
            DestroyWindow(ghMainWnd);
 
        return 0;   
    // Handle destroy window message.
    case WM_DESTROY:    
        PostQuitMessage(0); 
        return 0;   
    }   
    // Forward any other messages we didn't handle to the
    // default window procedure.
    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
 
// WinMain: Entry point for a Windows application.
int WINAPI 
WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, 
        PSTR cmdLine, int showCmd)
{
    // Save handle to application instance.
    ghAppInst = hInstance;
 
    // Step 2: Fill out a WNDCLASS instance.
    WNDCLASS wc; 
    wc.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
    wc.cbClsExtra    = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra    = 0;
    wc.hInstance     = ghAppInst;
    wc.hIcon         = ::LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wc.hCursor       = ::LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wc.lpszMenuName  = 0;
    /*ERROR>>>>*/      wc.lpszClassName = TEXT("MyWndClassName");
 
    // Step 3: Register the WNDCLASS instance with Windows.
    RegisterClass( &wc );
 
    // Step 4: Create the window, and save handle in globla
    // window handle variable ghMainWnd.
    ghMainWnd = ::CreateWindow(TEXT("MyWndClassName"), TEXT("TextOut Example"),   
    /*ERROR>>>>*/   WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 200, 200, 640, 480, 0, 0, ghAppInst, 0);
 
    if(ghMainWnd == 0)
    {
            /*ERROR>>>>*/MessageBox(0, TEXT("CreateWindow - Failed"), 0, 0);
        return false;
    }
 
    // Step 5: Show and update the window.
    ShowWindow(ghMainWnd, showCmd);
    UpdateWindow(ghMainWnd);
 
    // Step 6: Enter the message loop and don't quit until
    // a WM_QUIT message is received.
    MSG msg;
    ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(MSG));
 
    while( GetMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0) )
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }
 
    // Return exit code back to operating system.
    return (int)msg.wParam;
}
 

Basicly, you got trapped in UNICODE vs CHAR. Visual Studio.NET has a default of _UNICODE. You could undefine this. However, with Windows it's just easier to use tchar.h. This header has various macros for converting between char and wchar_t.

The error was not on the line you identified but on the line above.

I just added TEXT macros to convert your literals to whar_t and I change the string in your struct to a wstring. Though you could:

struct TextObj
{
   #ifdef _UNICODE
    wstring s; // The string object.
   #else
    string s; //The string object
   #endif
    POINT  p; // The position of the string, relative to the
              // upper-left corner of the client rectangle of
              // the window.
};
 
 

This is the stdafx.h that I used:

// Windows Header Files:
#include <windows.h>
 
// C RunTime Header Files
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <tchar.h>
 
 
// TODO: reference additional headers your program requires here
 

Hope this helps.