Why would anyone do this?

[Blue Ocean]

Hey all, I'm a newbie and just learning C. I've been teaching it to
myself since I got home from school for the summer. I've also been
reading some code and I've been seeing a lot of this:

#define FDECL(functionn ame,params) functionname(pa rams)

And then declarations like this (from include/extern.h, nethack):

E int NDECL(dojump);
E int FDECL(jump, (int));
E int NDECL(number_le ashed);
E void FDECL(o_unleash , (struct obj *));
E void FDECL(m_unleash , (struct monst *,BOOLEAN_P));
E void NDECL(unleash_a ll);
E boolean NDECL(next_to_u );

etc.

Why? Is there any compelling reason not to type out the prototype?
This doesn't even save characters. Am I missing something?

Thanks in advance for any advice.

James

[Ben Pfaff]

bl*********@hot mail.com (Blue Ocean) writes:

#define FDECL(functionn ame,params) functionname(pa rams)

And then declarations like this (from include/extern.h, nethack):

E int NDECL(dojump);

Presumably this is a dodge for old compilers that don't support
prototypes.
--
"The fact that there is a holy war doesn't mean that one of the sides
doesn't suck - usually both do..."
--Alexander Viro

[Ulrich Eckhardt]

Blue Ocean wrote:

#define FDECL(functionn ame,params) functionname(pa rams)

And then declarations like this (from include/extern.h, nethack):

E int NDECL(dojump);
E int FDECL(jump, (int));
E int NDECL(number_le ashed);
E void FDECL(o_unleash , (struct obj *));
E void FDECL(m_unleash , (struct monst *,BOOLEAN_P));
E void NDECL(unleash_a ll);
E boolean NDECL(next_to_u );
Hmmm, half of these are NDECL, not FDECL!
Why? Is there any compelling reason not to type out the prototype?
This doesn't even save characters. Am I missing something?

Nethack is probably one of the most widely ported programs. As such, it had
to deal with various compilers, most of which are - by current standards -
broken and/or obsolete. Take a look at all the files of Nethack, I'm sure
you will find a definition for a compiler that does not resolve to a
prototype that you would have written.

I can't properly parse what you wrote, but it somehow reminds me of the old
way to write a function. It was
int foo( param)
float param
{ return 667; }

instead of
int foo( float param)
{ return 42; }

In short: Nethack is not the right source for learning C.

Uli

[Dan Pop]

In <33************ **************@ posting.google. com> bl*********@hot mail.com (Blue Ocean) writes:

Hey all, I'm a newbie and just learning C. I've been teaching it to
myself since I got home from school for the summer. I've also been
reading some code and I've been seeing a lot of this:

#define FDECL(functionn ame,params) functionname(pa rams)

And then declarations like this (from include/extern.h, nethack):

E int NDECL(dojump);
E int FDECL(jump, (int));
E int NDECL(number_le ashed);
E void FDECL(o_unleash , (struct obj *));
E void FDECL(m_unleash , (struct monst *,BOOLEAN_P));
E void NDECL(unleash_a ll);
E boolean NDECL(next_to_u );

etc.

Why? Is there any compelling reason not to type out the prototype?
This doesn't even save characters. Am I missing something?

Yup, you're missing the fact that you're looking at an *old* application.
You're also missing the fact that, under certain circumstances, FDECL
may be defined like this:

#define FDECL(functionn ame,params) functionname()

The point is not to save typing, but to provide prototype function
declarations to compilers that understand them, while still keeping
pre-ANSI compilers happy. Some people believed that the above technique
is a great idea, others went for the more readable:

#ifndef __STDC__

int jump();
void o_unleash();
void m_unleash();

#else

int jump(int);
void o_unleash(struc t obj *);
void m_unleash(struc t monst *, BOOLEAN_P);

#endif

What is lost by the marginally higher maintenance overhead (each
function has to be declared twice) is more than won back by the
improved readability: the code actually looks like C code.

Using macros that mess with the C syntax is seldom a good idea.

Dan
--
Dan Pop
DESY Zeuthen, RZ group
Email: Da*****@ifh.de

[Dan Pop]

In <2k************ @uni-berlin.de> Ulrich Eckhardt <do******@knuut .de> writes:

I can't properly parse what you wrote, but it somehow reminds me of the old
way to write a function. It was
int foo( param)
float param
{ return 667; }

Not really: each parameter declaration was terminated with a semicolon
and these declarations were typically aligned with the first line of the
function definition and the opening brace:

int main(argc, argv)
int argc; /* optional: undeclared parameters were int by default */
char **argv;
{
/* get the work done */
}

Note that even C99 supports this function definition syntax, but each
parameter must be explicitly declared (another instance of no implicit
int in C99).

Dan
--
Dan Pop
DESY Zeuthen, RZ group
Email: Da*****@ifh.de