Reading a struct, field by field

[Sadeq]

Is there a way to read a struct field by field?

I want to write a rather general function, like:

public string EncodeStruct (struct strct)
{
....
}

which accepts a general struct type, reads it field by field, encodes
each field depending on its type (i.e. an integer field is encoding is
different than a boolean), concatenates the results into a string and
returns it.

[Jon Skeet [C# MVP]]

Sadeq wrote:

Is there a way to read a struct field by field?

I want to write a rather general function, like:

public string EncodeStruct (struct strct)
{
...
}

which accepts a general struct type, reads it field by field, encodes
each field depending on its type (i.e. an integer field is encoding is
different than a boolean), concatenates the results into a string and
returns it.

Have a look at Type.GetFields.

Note that you can't have a method signature like the one you've got at
the moment. If you're using .NET 2.0, you can do something like:

public string EncodeStruct<T> (T value) where T : struct
{
Type type = typeof(T);
...
}

If you're using 1.1, you'll probably need to take the hit of boxing the
value and make the signature of the method just EncodeStruct(ob ject
value).

Jon

[Jon Skeet [C# MVP]]

Jon Skeet [C# MVP] wrote:

<snip>

Note that you can't have a method signature like the one you've got at
the moment. If you're using .NET 2.0, you can do something like:

public string EncodeStruct<T> (T value) where T : struct
{
Type type = typeof(T);
...
}

If you're using 1.1, you'll probably need to take the hit of boxing the
value and make the signature of the method just EncodeStruct(ob ject
value).

Actually, thinking about it further, you'll have to take the hit of
boxing at least once anyway, as FieldInfo.GetVa lue takes object as a
parameter.

Jon

[Sadeq]

Thanks a lot. That was of great help.

I used .NET 2.0 syntax, and now I'm able to implement my own encoder.

But another issue arose when I wanted to encode nested structs. I tried
to use it recursively, but I the compiler cannot cast the obtained
field (which is an object, in general) to a struct.

Is there a way to overcome this issue?

[Jon Skeet [C# MVP]]

Sadeq <MS******@gmail .com> wrote:

Thanks a lot. That was of great help.

I used .NET 2.0 syntax, and now I'm able to implement my own encoder.

But another issue arose when I wanted to encode nested structs. I tried
to use it recursively, but I the compiler cannot cast the obtained
field (which is an object, in general) to a struct.

Is there a way to overcome this issue?

Well, why not just use it in its boxed form? As I said elsewhere, I
don't think you'll be able to get round it being boxed at some stage
anyway - you might as well take the hit once and be done with it.

--
Jon Skeet - <sk***@pobox.co m>
http://www.pobox.com/~skeet Blog: http://www.msmvps.com/jon.skeet
If replying to the group, please do not mail me too

[Sadeq]

So, there's no way to unbox an object (a boxed struct) back to the
struct?

And another thing: Is there a way to know if an object is in fact a
boxed struct?

[William Stacey [MVP]]

Why not just use binaryserialize r? Serialize to byte[], then return base64
string of that?

--
William Stacey [MVP]

"Sadeq" <MS******@gmail .com> wrote in message
news:11******** *************@g 44g2000cwa.goog legroups.com...
| Is there a way to read a struct field by field?
|
| I want to write a rather general function, like:
|
| public string EncodeStruct (struct strct)
| {
| ...
| }
|
| which accepts a general struct type, reads it field by field, encodes
| each field depending on its type (i.e. an integer field is encoding is
| different than a boolean), concatenates the results into a string and
| returns it.
|

[Jon Skeet [C# MVP]]

Sadeq <MS******@gmail .com> wrote:

So, there's no way to unbox an object (a boxed struct) back to the
struct?
Yes - just cast it.
And another thing: Is there a way to know if an object is in fact a
boxed struct?

You can call GetType(), and then use IsValueType() on the returned
Type.

--
Jon Skeet - <sk***@pobox.co m>
http://www.pobox.com/~skeet Blog: http://www.msmvps.com/jon.skeet
If replying to the group, please do not mail me too

[Sadeq]

Hi
Sorry, I was busy with a project, so I checked the answers a bit late
;) And b4 everything, thanx 4 ur answers.

I think I should clarify my problem a bit more: I want to write a
general function, which takes a struct (any type which is of type
struct is acceptable) and encodes into a string. This encoding is a
special, so I connot use .NET Serializiation.

First of all, with Jon Skeet's help, I wrote the function as follows:

public String encodeStruct<T> (T sequence) where T:struct
{
Type type;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder() ;
FieldInfo[] fields = sequence.GetTyp e().GetFields() ;
foreach (FieldInfo f in fields)
{
type = f.FieldType;
if (type == typeof(int))
sb.Append(encod eInteger((int)f .GetValue(seque nce)));
else if (type == typeof(DateTime ))
sb.Append(encod eUTCTime((DateT ime)f.GetValue( sequence)));
else if (type == typeof(Boolean) )
sb.Append(encod eBoolean((Boole an)f.GetValue(s equence)));

[Nick Hounsome]

"Sadeq" <MS******@gmail .com> wrote in message
news:11******** **************@ g47g2000cwa.goo glegroups.com.. .

Hi
Sorry, I was busy with a project, so I checked the answers a bit late
;) And b4 everything, thanx 4 ur answers.

I think I should clarify my problem a bit more: I want to write a
general function, which takes a struct (any type which is of type
struct is acceptable) and encodes into a string. This encoding is a
special, so I connot use .NET Serializiation.

First of all, with Jon Skeet's help, I wrote the function as follows:

public String encodeStruct<T> (T sequence) where T:struct
{
Type type;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder() ;
FieldInfo[] fields = sequence.GetTyp e().GetFields() ;
foreach (FieldInfo f in fields)
{
type = f.FieldType;
if (type == typeof(int))
sb.Append(encod eInteger((int)f .GetValue(seque nce)));
else if (type == typeof(DateTime ))
sb.Append(encod eUTCTime((DateT ime)f.GetValue( sequence)));
else if (type == typeof(Boolean) )
sb.Append(encod eBoolean((Boole an)f.GetValue(s equence)));
.
.
.
.
.
}
return sb.ToString();
}

You see, I implemented my own encoders for many types, like Integer,
DateTime, Boolean, etc.

Everything was good till I encountered a case in which I should encode
nested structs, i.e. there was a struct within another one. Note that
the inner struct can be general too, so I did't know in advance what
kind of struct I should cast it to. First I tried something like this
(Calling encodeStruct recursively):

if(type == typeof(struct))
sb.Append(encod eStruct((struct )f.GetValue(seq uence)));

But it doesn't work for 2 reasons:
1- typeof(struct) returns error.
2- cast to "struct" returns error.

I solved the first issue using "IsValueTyp e()" function, Thanx to Jon
Skeet.

To solve the second issue, I changed the function signature so that it
accepts an object instead of the generic T, and there was no problem.
But I was wondering if I can cast a general boxed struct [in this case,
f.GetValue(sequ ence)] to a struct so that I don't have to lose this
good feature of .NET 2.0, namely generics (You know, they apply
compile-time type checking, have better performance, etc).

There are two ways to go here:

1) Semi-generic: Use a generic wrapper to ensure that it is only called from
USER code for structs. Have this wrapper call an internal, non-generic,
object version (which is recursive).

2) The XmlSerializer approach: construct a fully typesafe generic serializer
dynamically.

option 2 doesn't really buy you anything apart from efficiency because the
serializer creation method is trying to do much the same sort of operation
as the encodeStruct method.

In short - generics and reflection can never be mixed in the way you want
because using reflection necessarily means that you haven't got the compile
time types that are needed for generics.

P.S. Just thought of optuion 3: call encodeStruct<T> dynamically. It would
work but what is the point of calling a typesafe method in a non-typesafe
way.