How do I know which exceptions are thrown by certain methods?
For example, reading a file might throw an IO Exception, etc.
In Java, the compiler won't even let you compile unless you put your
code in try/catch blocks but the C# compiler doesn't seem to mind?
I am particularly interested in what Exceptions are thrown by
HttpWebResponse .
Is there any easy way to figure this out without rummaging through
the API everytime?
Thanks,
Drew
Nov 15 '05
22  2743 
I disagree. The main task of the IDE would be to generate a skeleton catch
handler for the particular exception you wanted to handle; it could ask for
each type you wanted. The details of how you implement the handler are
yours.
The primary rule the IDE needs to follow for autogenerating catch blocks is
that it puts the most specific exception type first followed by less
specific types. In other words, put the most derived exception classes first
and the base classes last. When the CLR evaluates the type-filtered catch
clauses it invokes the first handler that satisfies the type matching.
However, all this is moot since this feature does not exist in the IDE and
probably wont anytime soon. The current state of the art requires that we do
this manually.
The subject of how to best implement catch handlers (and when to throw) is
actually far more complex then this - this is just scratching the surface.
There is no consensus on where the catch block should be, which exceptions
should be caught, which allowed to bubble up the call stack, how to
categorize exceptions (e.g. between technical and data/business logic), etc.
"Rob Teixeira [MVP]" <RobTeixeira@@m sn.com> wrote in message
news:uC******** ******@tk2msftn gp13.phx.gbl... That's really the biggest problem with the IDE auto-generating catch
statements - it doesn't know HOW you want to handle them.
For example, you may choose to group all possible ApplicationExce ptions
(all exceptions derived from ApplicationExce ption) in one block, and all
generic Exceptions in another, or you might want to handle all
ApplicationExce ptions in one block, while handling other individual exceptions in their own
blocks. The permutations and sometimes possible number of exceptions is
why i mentioned in my post that a feature like this is of somewhat limited
use.
-Rob Teixeira [MVP]
> The subject of how to best implement catch handlers (and when to throw) is actually far more complex then this - this is just scratching the surface.
There is no consensus on where the catch block should be, which exceptions
should be caught, which allowed to bubble up the call stack, how to
categorize exceptions (e.g. between technical and data/business logic),
etc.
This is the crux of my statement. And you're mirroring my sentiments exactly
when you say that this is only scratching the surface. That's why I believe
that having the IDE auto-generate the catch statements is of limited use. It
isn't just a matter, as you say in the first paragraph, of the details of
the implementation of the handler being left up to you (the programmer), but
the entire structure and grouping of the exceptions is also an issue. For
example, let's say a particular method throws a potential of seven custom
exception instances and all of those exception types inherit from
ApplicationExce ption. Knowing that ApplicationExce ptions and their
derivatives indicate non-fatal app-specific problems, the programmer chooses
to simply display a message box with the localized exception message and a
statement that the operation cannot be completed. In a scenario where the
IDE generates all seven catch statements (for just this one method), the
programmer would just end up deleting all seven blocks and writing a block
that catches ApplicationExce ption anyway. This also doesn't account for the
fact that this feature doesn't tell the programmer that those exceptions
inherited ApplicationExce ption in the first place.
On the other hand, if all you want (as has been posted here by several
people) is a simple list of exceptions thrown by a method, that is
acheivable. The XML docs allow for an <exception> tag. So, as long as the
classes and methods are DOCUMENTED (emphesis for people who don't like to
document their code! :-) ) it is easy for anyone to build an IDE add-in that
can look this information up. The add-in can provide a table of exceptions
and even drill into the document for the specific type exception class via a
link (this tag allows a "cref" attribute back to the exception class
itself). Nice pet project if anyone wants to take it up.
-Rob Teixeira [MVP]
"Dave" <no************ ****@wi.rr.com> wrote in message
news:%2******** ********@TK2MSF TNGP09.phx.gbl. .. I disagree. The main task of the IDE would be to generate a skeleton catch
handler for the particular exception you wanted to handle; it could ask
for each type you wanted. The details of how you implement the handler are
yours.
The primary rule the IDE needs to follow for autogenerating catch blocks
is that it puts the most specific exception type first followed by less
specific types. In other words, put the most derived exception classes
first and the base classes last. When the CLR evaluates the type-filtered catch
clauses it invokes the first handler that satisfies the type matching.
However, all this is moot since this feature does not exist in the IDE and
probably wont anytime soon. The current state of the art requires that we
do this manually.
The subject of how to best implement catch handlers (and when to throw) is
actually far more complex then this - this is just scratching the surface.
There is no consensus on where the catch block should be, which exceptions
should be caught, which allowed to bubble up the call stack, how to
categorize exceptions (e.g. between technical and data/business logic),
etc.
> On the other hand, if all you want (as has been posted here by several people) is a simple list of exceptions thrown by a method, that is
acheivable. The XML docs allow for an <exception> tag. So, as long as the
classes and methods are DOCUMENTED (emphesis for people who don't like to
document their code! :-) ) it is easy for anyone to build an IDE add-in
that can look this information up. The add-in can provide a table of exceptions
and even drill into the document for the specific type exception class via
a link (this tag allows a "cref" attribute back to the exception class
itself). Nice pet project if anyone wants to take it up.
Is it possible to determine the exceptions thrown by a method via
Reflection?
(I'm not really fond of the idea of having to document every class/method in
order for this to work)
Also, any thoughts on the compile time warning system I mentioned
previously?
Drew
"Drew" <so*****@hotmai l.com> wrote in message
news:%2******** *******@tk2msft ngp13.phx.gbl.. . On the other hand, if all you want (as has been posted here by several
people) is a simple list of exceptions thrown by a method, that is
acheivable. The XML docs allow for an <exception> tag. So, as long as
the classes and methods are DOCUMENTED (emphesis for people who don't like
to document their code! :-) ) it is easy for anyone to build an IDE add-in that can look this information up. The add-in can provide a table of
exceptions and even drill into the document for the specific type exception class
via a link (this tag allows a "cref" attribute back to the exception class
itself). Nice pet project if anyone wants to take it up.
Is it possible to determine the exceptions thrown by a method via
Reflection?
(I'm not really fond of the idea of having to document every class/method
in order for this to work)
No, you would have to disassemble and crawl through the methods definition.
Effectivly certain(posisbl y many, I'm not sure) instructions are capable of
causing an exception(call and its variants being the most obvious, outside
of the throw instruction, but mathematic and allocation instructions can
cause exceptoins as well). To detect the capacity for exceptions, one would
have to scan the entire file(and the entire framework, at that), and build a
database of possible exceptions from any given path, and that still may not
hit upon everything. Its mostly just data processing and could be done with
an IL reader, it would just be time consuming, I suspect. Its an interesting
project, sourceforge kinda thing maybe, ;). However things like not flagging
object x = null;
if (x == null)
throw new Exception("Erro r!");
x.ToString();
as a potential exception generator as far as NullReference goes could be
more complicated. Also, any thoughts on the compile time warning system I mentioned
previously?
Ideally, instead of compile time, I'd rather see a utility like FxCop.
Something that performs heavy analysis(perhap s as a post-build tool) and
spits out possible problems. Frankly having the compiler do the analysis
required would probably reduce the speed and seriously increase the
complexity of the compiler, whereas a seperate tool can be enabled only when
needed and should be usable by any language.
Drew
Not necessarily from reflection. You would need the XML file generated by
the XML doc feature of C#.
When you type a method, the IDE's intellisense engine reads this XML file to
figure out what to put in the tooltips.
You'll have to do a little reading up on how the XML file is structured so
you know how to find the right node based on the context of the code DOM
from the currently active code window.
But again, this depends on people actually writing the proper documentation
and including the <exception> tags. It won't cover 100% of exceptions, since
it's possible that unforseen or unhandled exceptions can fall through from
further down the call stack. But then again, not all Java exceptions are
checked exceptions either, so this is pretty much on par - and it goes to
show that it's always important to have a generic exception catch block.
-Rob Teixeira [MVP]
"Drew" <so*****@hotmai l.com> wrote in message
news:%2******** *******@tk2msft ngp13.phx.gbl.. .
Is it possible to determine the exceptions thrown by a method via
Reflection?
(I'm not really fond of the idea of having to document every class/method
in order for this to work)
Also, any thoughts on the compile time warning system I mentioned
previously?
Drew
I believe we are in violent agreement on most issues. However, I maintain
that it would be useful and possible for the IDE to generate a skelton
outline of a catch handler that was correct, at least in terms of ordering
the handlers from most specific to least specific. That being said it would
definitely be a non-trivial task, as the IDE would have to evaluate all the
exceptions that could possibly be thrown within a given try block, present
the types in a list for someone to pick the handler they wanted generated,
etc.
I think the only way this becomes feasible is when static analysis tools
become better at evaluating the exceptions that could be thrown (e.g. a
statement throws an exception that is not handled locally so it bubbles up),
and the results are baked into each method's metadata.
I believe your concern is valid, but the structuring of exceptions (i.e. the
ordering of the handlers) is actually better done automatically as a
compiler is better-suited for evaluating object hierarchies then humans are.
What the compiler cannot do is determine which exceptions should be caught
versus allowed to bubble up, and even harder, which exceptions need
conditional testing to determine if it should bubble up. And which ones
should be swallowed and ignored, or should never be handled at all
(ExecutionEngin eException, etc). Or which ones are actually part of program
flow control (this is actually bad practice but some library implementations
were poorly done and require this). And, of course, the actual handling of
the exception needs to be written and tested.
The main disagreement I have is that I do not feel it is worthwhile to use
XML as a means of documenting this. It is way too error prone and
version-dependent - if it is done by hand then it is probably going to be
wrong. I want it baked into the metadata as part of a compilation phase so
that it is always correct and up-to-date (and automatic), and when changing
assembly versions I automatically get the correct information. It also makes
it possible for intelligent code to use reflection to extract useful
exception-related information.
"Rob Teixeira [MVP]" <RobTeixeira@@m sn.com> wrote in message
news:%2******** ********@TK2MSF TNGP12.phx.gbl. .. The subject of how to best implement catch handlers (and when to throw)
is actually far more complex then this - this is just scratching the
surface. There is no consensus on where the catch block should be, which
exceptions should be caught, which allowed to bubble up the call stack, how to
categorize exceptions (e.g. between technical and data/business logic), etc.
This is the crux of my statement. And you're mirroring my sentiments
exactly when you say that this is only scratching the surface. That's why I
believe that having the IDE auto-generate the catch statements is of limited use.
It isn't just a matter, as you say in the first paragraph, of the details of
the implementation of the handler being left up to you (the programmer),
but the entire structure and grouping of the exceptions is also an issue. For
example, let's say a particular method throws a potential of seven custom
exception instances and all of those exception types inherit from
ApplicationExce ption. Knowing that ApplicationExce ptions and their
derivatives indicate non-fatal app-specific problems, the programmer
chooses to simply display a message box with the localized exception message and a
statement that the operation cannot be completed. In a scenario where the
IDE generates all seven catch statements (for just this one method), the
programmer would just end up deleting all seven blocks and writing a block
that catches ApplicationExce ption anyway. This also doesn't account for
the fact that this feature doesn't tell the programmer that those exceptions
inherited ApplicationExce ption in the first place.
On the other hand, if all you want (as has been posted here by several
people) is a simple list of exceptions thrown by a method, that is
acheivable. The XML docs allow for an <exception> tag. So, as long as the
classes and methods are DOCUMENTED (emphesis for people who don't like to
document their code! :-) ) it is easy for anyone to build an IDE add-in
that can look this information up. The add-in can provide a table of exceptions
and even drill into the document for the specific type exception class via
a link (this tag allows a "cref" attribute back to the exception class
itself). Nice pet project if anyone wants to take it up.
Isn't this something "someone" (DevExpress? CodeObject?) could do-- a tool
which at design time would list the exceptions it could find from the XML
docs, at runtime could provide a logging object to get the ones that weren't
doc'd correctly etc-- i'd purchase something like this..
"Dave" <no************ ****@wi.rr.com> wrote in message
news:OR******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP09.phx.gbl... I believe we are in violent agreement on most issues. However, I maintain
that it would be useful and possible for the IDE to generate a skelton
outline of a catch handler that was correct, at least in terms of ordering
the handlers from most specific to least specific. That being said it
would definitely be a non-trivial task, as the IDE would have to evaluate all
the exceptions that could possibly be thrown within a given try block,
present the types in a list for someone to pick the handler they wanted generated,
etc.
I think the only way this becomes feasible is when static analysis tools
become better at evaluating the exceptions that could be thrown (e.g. a
statement throws an exception that is not handled locally so it bubbles
up), and the results are baked into each method's metadata.
I believe your concern is valid, but the structuring of exceptions (i.e.
the ordering of the handlers) is actually better done automatically as a
compiler is better-suited for evaluating object hierarchies then humans
are.
What the compiler cannot do is determine which exceptions should be caught
versus allowed to bubble up, and even harder, which exceptions need
conditional testing to determine if it should bubble up. And which ones
should be swallowed and ignored, or should never be handled at all
(ExecutionEngin eException, etc). Or which ones are actually part of
program flow control (this is actually bad practice but some library
implementations were poorly done and require this). And, of course, the actual handling of
the exception needs to be written and tested.
The main disagreement I have is that I do not feel it is worthwhile to use
XML as a means of documenting this. It is way too error prone and
version-dependent - if it is done by hand then it is probably going to be
wrong. I want it baked into the metadata as part of a compilation phase so
that it is always correct and up-to-date (and automatic), and when
changing assembly versions I automatically get the correct information. It also
makes it possible for intelligent code to use reflection to extract useful
exception-related information.
"Rob Teixeira [MVP]" <RobTeixeira@@m sn.com> wrote in message
news:%2******** ********@TK2MSF TNGP12.phx.gbl. .. The subject of how to best implement catch handlers (and when to
throw) is actually far more complex then this - this is just scratching the surface. There is no consensus on where the catch block should be, which exceptions should be caught, which allowed to bubble up the call stack, how to
categorize exceptions (e.g. between technical and data/business
logic), etc.
This is the crux of my statement. And you're mirroring my sentiments exactly when you say that this is only scratching the surface. That's why I
believe that having the IDE auto-generate the catch statements is of limited
use. It isn't just a matter, as you say in the first paragraph, of the details
of the implementation of the handler being left up to you (the programmer),
but the entire structure and grouping of the exceptions is also an issue.
For example, let's say a particular method throws a potential of seven
custom exception instances and all of those exception types inherit from
ApplicationExce ption. Knowing that ApplicationExce ptions and their
derivatives indicate non-fatal app-specific problems, the programmer
chooses to simply display a message box with the localized exception message and
a statement that the operation cannot be completed. In a scenario where
the IDE generates all seven catch statements (for just this one method), the
programmer would just end up deleting all seven blocks and writing a
block that catches ApplicationExce ption anyway. This also doesn't account for
the fact that this feature doesn't tell the programmer that those exceptions
inherited ApplicationExce ption in the first place.
On the other hand, if all you want (as has been posted here by several
people) is a simple list of exceptions thrown by a method, that is
acheivable. The XML docs allow for an <exception> tag. So, as long as
the classes and methods are DOCUMENTED (emphesis for people who don't like
to document their code! :-) ) it is easy for anyone to build an IDE add-in
that can look this information up. The add-in can provide a table of
exceptions and even drill into the document for the specific type exception class
via a link (this tag allows a "cref" attribute back to the exception class
itself). Nice pet project if anyone wants to take it up.
"Dave" wrote: That being said it would
definitely be a non-trivial task, as the IDE would have to evaluate all
the exceptions that could possibly be thrown within a given try block, ...
Is this really possible? Can't IL code be obfuscated (by tools) to the
point that you simply cannot statically evaluate which op-codes are "part
of" a given method? I don't know, just suspicious.
Brad Williams
Not going to disagree with you there. I brought up the XML doc file, not
becuase it's a good idea, but simply because it is the ONLY place the
information currently exists (if it exists at all).
However, let's look at the trade-off for such a solution now. Your programs
get much bigger (if this follows the attributes meta data design, we're
talking about serialized instances of some exception info class being
injected into the meta data for every member), and the only benefit you get
is a decent listing of exceptions (and possibly the auto-generated order,
etc). I'm not sure everyone would agree the trade-off is worthwhile. So now
you get people wanting to turn it off! Which means you will now have members
that lack exception information - which in turn brings us right back to
where we were :-)
-Rob Teixeira [MVP]
"Dave" <no************ ****@wi.rr.com> wrote in message
news:OR******** ******@TK2MSFTN GP09.phx.gbl...
The main disagreement I have is that I do not feel it is worthwhile to use
XML as a means of documenting this. It is way too error prone and
version-dependent - if it is done by hand then it is probably going to be
wrong. I want it baked into the metadata as part of a compilation phase so
that it is always correct and up-to-date (and automatic), and when
changing assembly versions I automatically get the correct information. It also
makes it possible for intelligent code to use reflection to extract useful
exception-related information.
"Rob Teixeira [MVP]" <RobTeixeira@@m sn.com> wrote in message
news:ux******** ********@tk2msf tngp13.phx.gbl. .. Not going to disagree with you there. I brought up the XML doc file, not
becuase it's a good idea, but simply because it is the ONLY place the
information currently exists (if it exists at all).
Agreed. It would be a way to do it given current technology.
However, let's look at the trade-off for such a solution now. Your
programs get much bigger (if this follows the attributes meta data design, we're
talking about serialized instances of some exception info class being
injected into the meta data for every member),
Sure, but that's just the size of the assembly and the metadata within it -
the actual IL should not be affected by this.
and the only benefit you get
is a decent listing of exceptions (and possibly the auto-generated order,
etc).
I think this would be an extremely powerful and useful feature. You could
easily and instantly use it as a reference into what exceptions you expect
to be thrown from within a given try block. It's more then evaluating a
method, it would have to evaluate all the methods within a try block to be
useful.
I'm not sure everyone would agree the trade-off is worthwhile. So now
you get people wanting to turn it off! Which means you will now have
members that lack exception information - which in turn brings us right back to
where we were :-)
LOL! Well, if I had a telescope that could see clear across the universe all
I would see is the back of my own head but it would be an interesting
journey :-) This thread has been closed and replies have been disabled. Please start a new discussion. Similar topics | |
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