URL(uniform resource locator) networking - A URL is a specially-formatted text string that defines a location on the Internet. URL strings contain three parts or substrings:
1. network protocol
2. host name or address
3. file location
The network protocol substring determines the underlying Internet protocol to be used in reaching the location. These strings consist of a standard protocol name followed by the :// characters. Typical protocols found in URLs include
http://, ftp://, and mailto://.
The host substring immediately follows the protocol defintion. Hosts may be defined by Internet-standard naming (DNS) or by IP address. For example, a URL of of
http://compnetworking.about.com or, equivalently,
http://209.143.212.20 contains the protocol and host information needed to access this Web site.
The file location portion of a URL defines the location of a network resource. Resources are files that can be plain text files, documents, graphics, or programs, and resource names are relative to a local root directory. Technically, a URL like
http://thescripts.com contains an implied file location of /, that Web servers like Apache automatically translate to a specific file name like index.htm. All other specific files exist in a hierarchy or directory tree underneath the root, such as the following:
RELATIVE FILE LOCATION
/batman/waynemanor/alfred.htm
COMPLETE URL
http://random.com/batman/waynemanor/alfred.htm
When creating HTML pages, the author can choose to use either the relative file locations or complete URLs. A user of the Internet generally works with complete URLs.
socket networking - A socket represents a single connection between two network applications. These two applications nominally run on different computers, but sockets can also be used for interprocess communication on a single computer. Applications can create multiple sockets for communicating with each other. Sockets are bidirectional, meaning that either side of the connection is capable of both sending and receiving data. usually a connection between client and server on a specific port number. Socket networking can be written in java for example
try {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(4444);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Could not listen on port: 4444");
System.exit(-1);
}
java socket check this out, could be handy for you if you are thinking of writing sockets! :)
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