C spot run: initializing variables

[Keith]

I've got this bit of code, and I can't really explain to myself why it does what it does....

int
func1()
{
static int r=0;
return(++r);
}

int
func2()
{
static int r;
r = 0;
return(++r);
}

int
main()
{
printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func1(), func1(), func1());
printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func2(), func2(), func2());
exit(0);
}
I imagined it would print
1,1,1
1,1,1

but after compiling and running, it prints
3,2,1
1,1,1

In func1, are the static r and the returned r not the same var? what's what?

Even it the returned r is a global, why does it display 3,2,1 instead of 1,2,3?

--
forever clueless
Keith

[Bill Pursell]

Keith wrote:

I've got this bit of code, and I can't really explain to myself why it does what it does....

int
func1()
{
static int r=0;
return(++r);
}

int
func2()
{
static int r;
r = 0;
return(++r);
}

int
main()
{
printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func1(), func1(), func1());
printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func2(), func2(), func2());
exit(0);
}
I imagined it would print
1,1,1
1,1,1

but after compiling and running, it prints
3,2,1
1,1,1

In func1, are the static r and the returned r not the same var? what's what?
Even it the returned r is a global, why does it display 3,2,1 instead of 1,2,3?

In func1, that initialization setting r to zero occurs only
once, and the value is retained for each call. In func2, the
value is retained, but you are setting it to zero each time
you call it. When you call
printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func1(), func1(), func1());
the calls to the functions may be made in any order.
In your case, you're seeing them called in reverse order,
with the final call being made first. Another implementation
might print "2,3,1" for that line.

[pete]

Keith wrote:

static int r=0;
.... means exactly the same thing as:
static int r;

All static object definitions
without explicit initializations,
are default initialized as though by
= {0}
All static initialization happens
before main starts executing.

--
pete

[lovecreatesbeauty]

Keith wrote:

int
func2()
{
static int r;
r = 0;
every time set r to 0.
int
main()
{
printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func1(), func1(), func1());

The are no sequence points among three arguments, so the order of
evaluation of these three arguments is undefined. The program result is
undefined, it maybe has so many choices:

printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func1(), func1(), func1());

Round #1 func1(): 1
func1(): 2
func1(): 3
For this sequence the program prints: 1,2,3
Round #2
func1(): 1
func1(): 2
func1(): 3
For this sequence the program prints: 3,2,1

....

Round #6
....

--
lovecreatesbeauty

[pete]

lovecreatesbeauty wrote:

printf("%d,%d,%d\n", func1(), func1(), func1());

The are no sequence points among three arguments, so the order of
evaluation of these three arguments is undefined.
The program result is
undefined, it maybe has so many choices:

No.
This situation is a little different.
Function calls are sequence points.
The result is merely unspecified.

--
pete