Hi everyone,
I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with a series
of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause reading off
the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did C, and
that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to pause an app for
a period of time, as all the commands I am familiar with specify pauses
for integer numbers of seconds, and what I would like is fractions of a
second, preferably milliseconds if possible
TIA
Paul
--
----
Home: http://www.paullee.com
Woes: http://www.dr_paul_lee.btinternet.co.uk/zzq.shtml
Jan 10 '07
25  2317 
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.com>
<snip>
int abuseSTDIN()
No, do not abuse stdin. LS
On Wed, 10 Jan 2007 16:06:01 -0800, Keith Thompson <ks***@mib.or g>
wrote:
>Kwebway Konongo <pa**@pNaOuSlPl AeMe.comwrites:
>I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with a series
of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause reading off
the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did C, and
that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to pause an app for
a period of time, as all the commands I am familiar with specify pauses
for integer numbers of seconds, and what I would like is fractions of a
second, preferably milliseconds if possible
There is no good portable way to do this.
(The clock() function returns an indication of the amount of CPU time
your program has consumed. You might be tempted to write a loop that
executes until the result of the clock() function reaches a certain
value. Resist this temptation. Though it uses only standard C
features, it has at least two major drawbacks: it measures CPU time,
not wall clock time, and this kind of busy loop causes your program to
waste CPU time, possibly affecting other programs on the system.)
However, most operating systems will provide a good way to do this.
Ask in a newsgroup that's specific to whatever OS you're using, such
as comp.unix.progr ammer or comp.os.ms-windows.program mer.win32 -- but
see if you can find an answer in the newsgroup's FAQ first.
s/most operating systems/most implementations/
The OP mentioned nothing about using an OS, and lack of use of an OS
is entirely conformant to the C Standard. Many or most implementations
targeted for embedded processors in which there is no OS running even
support good ways to do this.
Best regards
--
jay
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.comwrote in message
news:50******** *****@mid.indiv idual.net...
Keith Thompson <ks***@mib.orgw rote:
Nelu <sp*******@gmai l.comwrites:
Keith Thompson <ks***@mib.orgw rote:
Victor Silva <vf******@gmail .comwrites:
Kwebway Konongo wrote:
I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with a
series
>>>of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause
reading off
>>>the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did C,
and
>>>that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to pause an app
for
>>>a period of time, as all the commands I am familiar with specify
pauses
>>>for integer numbers of seconds, and what I would like is fractions
of a
>>>second, preferably milliseconds if possible
Maybe you can use something like sleep().
Maybe he can, but there is no sleep() function in the C standard
library (and the system-specific sleep() functions I'm familiar with
don't meet his requirements).
If the phrase "something like sleep()" is intended to exclude sleep()
itself, then you're probably right, but it's still system-specific.
(Hint: a system's documentation for sleep() might have links to other
similar functions.)
Is it ok to use stdin like this:
int abuseSTDIN() {
char a[2];
if(EOF==(ungetc ('\n',stdin)||E OF==ungetc('a', stdin))) {
return EOF;
}
if(NULL==fgets( a,2,stdin)) {
return EOF;
}
return !EOF;
}
?
Is it ok? I'd say definitely not (which isn't *necessarily* meant to
imply that it wouldn't work).
The standard guarantees only one character of pushback. I suppose you
could ungetc() a single '\n' character and read it back with fgets().
I wasn't sure whether pushing '\n' back to stdin would make fgets
return.
What is the result supposed to indicate? Since EOF is non-zero, !EOF
is just 0.
Just EOF if it failed. I could've used 0, I thought it was more
suggestive this way.
If yes, this can be run for a number of seconds, in a loop with calls
to mktime and difftime to get some kind of sub-second resolution (like
CLOCKS_PER_SEC) . That aproximation can be used to implement a kind of
a sleep function using milliseconds later (unless the function returns
EOF in which case the function may not work).
Also, by using the I/O system it may be more CPU friendly although
it will by no means replace a system-specific sleep function.
I think your idea is to execute this function a large number of times,
checking the value of time() before and after the loop, and using the
results for calibration, to estimate the time the function takes to
execute. I don't see how mktime() applies here. There's no guarantee
that the function will take the same time to execute each time you
call it.
I meant to say time(). I know there are no guarantees that's why I said
approximation.
The value returned by time() on most(?) implementations is in seconds.
Half of your statement seems to be about time(), the other half about
clock().
>
Pushing back a character with ungetc() and then reading it with
fgets() is not likely to cause any physical I/O to take place, so this
method is likely to be as antisocially CPU-intensive as any other busy
loop.
Yes, you're right.
--
Ioan - Ciprian Tandau
tandau _at_ freeshell _dot_ org (hope it's not too late)
(... and that it still works...)
Barry <ba****@nullhig hstream.netwrot e:
>
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.comwrote in message
news:50******** *****@mid.indiv idual.net...
>Keith Thompson <ks***@mib.orgw rote:
Nelu <sp*******@gmai l.comwrites:
<snip>
>If yes, this can be run for a number of seconds, in a loop with calls
to mktime and difftime to get some kind of sub-second resolution (like
CLOCKS_PER_SEC ). That aproximation can be used to implement a kind of
a sleep function using milliseconds later (unless the function returns
EOF in which case the function may not work).
Also, by using the I/O system it may be more CPU friendly although
it will by no means replace a system-specific sleep function.
I think your idea is to execute this function a large number of times,
checking the value of time() before and after the loop, and using the
results for calibration, to estimate the time the function takes to
execute. I don't see how mktime() applies here. There's no guarantee
that the function will take the same time to execute each time you
call it.
I meant to say time(). I know there are no guarantees that's why I said
approximatio n.
The value returned by time() on most(?) implementations is in seconds.
Half of your statement seems to be about time(), the other half about
clock().
No, I was talking about counting how many times the function gets called
in a number of seconds. It will likely be called a lot more times than
the number of seconds so you get under a second approximations for a
call or a number of calls and it will give you something similar to
CLOCKS_PER_SEC, you can name it CALLS_PER_SEC, although it's just a very
bad approximation.
--
Ioan - Ciprian Tandau
tandau _at_ freeshell _dot_ org (hope it's not too late)
(... and that it still works...)
David T. Ashley wrote:
"Kwebway Konongo" <pa**@pNaOuSlPl AeMe.comwrote in message
news:97******** *************@b t.com...
Hi everyone,
I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with a series
of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause reading off
the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did C, and
that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to pause an app for
a period of time, as all the commands I am familiar with specify pauses
for integer numbers of seconds, and what I would like is fractions of a
second, preferably milliseconds if possible
OS-dependent question.
Any form of spin-wait is bad programming practice (but I suppose it would
work).
Sounds like the OP is asking about something I'm trying to do...
Incidentally, why is "spin-wait" bad? In my case, I'm trying to do a
pseudo-realtime application on a dedicated server, with latencies until
the next event is due to occur.
Sadly, the boss doesn't realise that my realtime app development
experience is precisely zero!
"Trev" <t.*********@bt internet.comwro te in message
news:11******** **************@ 77g2000hsv.goog legroups.com...
>
David T. Ashley wrote:
>"Kwebway Konongo" <pa**@pNaOuSlPl AeMe.comwrote in message
news:97******* **************@ bt.com...
Hi everyone,
I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with a
series
of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause reading
off
the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did C,
and
that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to pause an app for
a period of time, as all the commands I am familiar with specify pauses
for integer numbers of seconds, and what I would like is fractions of a
second, preferably milliseconds if possible
OS-dependent question.
Any form of spin-wait is bad programming practice (but I suppose it would
work).
Sounds like the OP is asking about something I'm trying to do...
Incidentally, why is "spin-wait" bad? In my case, I'm trying to do a
pseudo-realtime application on a dedicated server, with latencies until
the next event is due to occur.
Sadly, the boss doesn't realise that my realtime app development
experience is precisely zero!
Spin-wait is bad on a server because it chews up (i.e. consumes towards no
productive purpose) CPU bandwidth that would best be returned to the
operating system.
For example, on Linux, there might be a daemon that needs to wait for 10
minutes. "sleep(600) ;" allows the OS to do other things for 10 minutes. A
spin-wait will consume a large fraction of CPU bandwidth--potentially as
much as 100%--to do nothing but repeatedly check the time. On a shared
system -- and any server is shared, at least between your process and the
operating system -- it is horribly inefficient.
Now, on an embedded system, spin-wait may be valid. In fact, the most
common software architecture for small systems is just to spin-wait until
the next time tick and then do the things you need to do. That is OK
because you're the only process on the system, and there is nobody else who
can make better use of the CPU.
If you have any further questions or observations, please write me directly
at dt*@e3ft.com and answer my SPAM filtering system's automatic reply. I
might know one or two things about small embedded systems.
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.comwrote in message
news:50******** *****@mid.indiv idual.net...
Barry <ba****@nullhig hstream.netwrot e:
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.comwrote in message
news:50******** *****@mid.indiv idual.net...
Keith Thompson <ks***@mib.orgw rote:
Nelu <sp*******@gmai l.comwrites:
<snip>
If yes, this can be run for a number of seconds, in a loop with
calls
to mktime and difftime to get some kind of sub-second resolution
(like
CLOCKS_PER_SEC) . That aproximation can be used to implement a kind
of
a sleep function using milliseconds later (unless the function
returns
EOF in which case the function may not work).
Also, by using the I/O system it may be more CPU friendly although
it will by no means replace a system-specific sleep function.
I think your idea is to execute this function a large number of
times,
checking the value of time() before and after the loop, and using the
results for calibration, to estimate the time the function takes to
execute. I don't see how mktime() applies here. There's no
guarantee
that the function will take the same time to execute each time you
call it.
I meant to say time(). I know there are no guarantees that's why I said
approximation.
The value returned by time() on most(?) implementations is in seconds.
Half of your statement seems to be about time(), the other half about
clock().
No, I was talking about counting how many times the function gets called
in a number of seconds. It will likely be called a lot more times than
the number of seconds so you get under a second approximations for a
call or a number of calls and it will give you something similar to
CLOCKS_PER_SEC, you can name it CALLS_PER_SEC, although it's just a very
bad approximation.
I only read your post and gave you too much
credit. Your explanation is worse than what I thought
you were doing.
Barry <ba****@nullhig hstream.netwrot e:
>
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.comwrote in message
news:50******** *****@mid.indiv idual.net...
>Barry <ba****@nullhig hstream.netwrot e:
>
"Nelu" <sp*******@gmai l.comwrote in message
news:50******** *****@mid.indiv idual.net...
Keith Thompson <ks***@mib.orgw rote:
Nelu <sp*******@gmai l.comwrites:
<snip>
>If yes, this can be run for a number of seconds, in a loop with
calls
>to mktime and difftime to get some kind of sub-second resolution
(like
>CLOCKS_PER_SEC ). That aproximation can be used to implement a kind
of
>a sleep function using milliseconds later (unless the function
returns
>EOF in which case the function may not work).
Also, by using the I/O system it may be more CPU friendly although
it will by no means replace a system-specific sleep function.
I think your idea is to execute this function a large number of
times,
checking the value of time() before and after the loop, and using the
results for calibration, to estimate the time the function takes to
execute. I don't see how mktime() applies here. There's no
guarantee
that the function will take the same time to execute each time you
call it.
I meant to say time(). I know there are no guarantees that's why I said
approximatio n.
The value returned by time() on most(?) implementations is in seconds.
Half of your statement seems to be about time(), the other half about
clock().
No, I was talking about counting how many times the function gets called
in a number of seconds. It will likely be called a lot more times than
the number of seconds so you get under a second approximations for a
call or a number of calls and it will give you something similar to
CLOCKS_PER_SEC , you can name it CALLS_PER_SEC, although it's just a very
bad approximation.
I only read your post and gave you too much
credit. Your explanation is worse than what I thought
you were doing.
What did you think I was doing?
--
Ioan - Ciprian Tandau
tandau _at_ freeshell _dot_ org (hope it's not too late)
(... and that it still works...)
"David T. Ashley" <dt*@e3ft.comwr ote in message
news:Wb******** *************** *******@giganew s.com...
"Trev" <t.*********@bt internet.comwro te in message
news:11******** **************@ 77g2000hsv.goog legroups.com...
David T. Ashley wrote:
"Kwebway Konongo" <pa**@pNaOuSlPl AeMe.comwrote in message
news:97******** *************@b t.com...
Hi everyone,
I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with a
series
of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause reading
off
the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did C,
and
that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to pause an app
for
a period of time, as all the commands I am familiar with specify
pauses
for integer numbers of seconds, and what I would like is fractions of
a
second, preferably milliseconds if possible
OS-dependent question.
Any form of spin-wait is bad programming practice (but I suppose it
would
work).
Sounds like the OP is asking about something I'm trying to do...
Incidentally, why is "spin-wait" bad? In my case, I'm trying to do a
pseudo-realtime application on a dedicated server, with latencies until
the next event is due to occur.
Sadly, the boss doesn't realise that my realtime app development
experience is precisely zero!
Spin-wait is bad on a server because it chews up (i.e. consumes towards no
productive purpose) CPU bandwidth that would best be returned to the
operating system.
For example, on Linux, there might be a daemon that needs to wait for 10
minutes. "sleep(600) ;" allows the OS to do other things for 10 minutes.
A
spin-wait will consume a large fraction of CPU bandwidth--potentially as
much as 100%--to do nothing but repeatedly check the time. On a shared
system -- and any server is shared, at least between your process and the
operating system -- it is horribly inefficient.
Now, on an embedded system, spin-wait may be valid. In fact, the most
common software architecture for small systems is just to spin-wait until
the next time tick and then do the things you need to do. That is OK
because you're the only process on the system, and there is nobody else
who
can make better use of the CPU.
Of course we have gotten so far off topic for clc it doesn't matter.
But, every embedded system I have worked on (and you have used all
of them, directly or indirectly :-)) also respond to hardware interrupts.
Barry wrote:
>
"user923005 " <dc*****@connx. comwrote in message
news:11******** **************@ i56g2000hsf.goo glegroups.com.. .
Kwebway Konongo wrote:
Hi everyone,
I'm developing an application in C; basically a linked list, with
a
series
of "events" to be popped off, separated by a command to pause
reading
off
the next event in the list. It has been sometime since I last did
C, and that was the first K&R version! Is there a command to
pause an app for a period of time, as all the commands I am
familiar with specify pauses for integer numbers of seconds, and
what I would like is fractions of a second, preferably
milliseconds if possible
From the C-FAQ:
[snip]
Most of your response has nothing to do with C. You should have
just referred the OP to an appropriate news group.
He gave the answer that's in the comp.lang.c FAQ on the matter. Try to
pay attention.
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