substring

[Jupiter]

Hey,
I would like to know 2 things.
1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?
2)Is there any function (in C standard library) that returns the
position of a substring in a string?

Thx a lot...

[Ivan Vecerina]

"Jupiter" <ze******@yahoo .com> wrote in message
news:27******** *************** ***@posting.goo gle.com...

Hey,
I would like to know 2 things.
1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string? Not directly -- this has to be emulated with a more general
function such as memcpy (how exactly depends on the
destination storage for the substring).
2)Is there any function (in C standard library) that returns the
position of a substring in a string?

Yes:
char* pos = strstr(str_to_s earch_through,s tr_to_find);
(null if not found).

hth, Ivan
--
http://ivan.vecerina.com

[Peter Pichler]

"Jupiter" <ze******@yahoo .com> wrote in message
news:27******** *************** ***@posting.goo gle.com...

Hey,
I would like to know 2 things.
1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?
Yes.
2)Is there any function (in C standard library) that returns the
position of a substring in a string?
Yes.
Thx a lot...

The questions you presumably *wanted* to ask were "what is the function
to..." :-)

To extract a substring on positions n to m from a string s you can use

strncpy(dest, s + n, m - n + 1);
dest[m - n] = 0;

(or in short strncpy(dest, s + n, m - n + 1)[m - n] = 0;)

Look up strncpy in your manual to see how it works and why adding the
zero is necessary. You must also make sure beforehand that:
a) s is at leat n + 1 characters long and
b) you have enough space in dest for m - n + 1 characters.

To find a substring in a string you can use

char * position = strstr(substrin g, string);

If you want an offset rather than a pointer to the substring, use

size_t offset = position - string;

Again, look up strstr in your manual for reference. Please note that
strstr returns NULL if the substring is not foud in string, you must
check for that.

[Peter Pichler]

"Peter Pichler" <pi*****@pobox. sk> wrote in message
news:UO******** *******@newsfep 1-gui.server.ntli .net...

To find a substring in a string you can use

char * position = strstr(substrin g, string); .... Again, look up strstr in your manual for reference.

Err, *I* should have looked up strstr in the manual. Swap the two
parameters around. Doh!

[Andreas Kahari]

In article <27************ **************@ posting.google. com>, Jupiter wrote:

Hey,
I would like to know 2 things.
1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?
Yes, strncpy() can be made to copy a substring of one string
into another:

#include <string.h> /* for strncpy() */
#include <stdio.h> /* for printf() */

int
main(void)
{
char msg[] = "Hello World!";
char submsg[10]; /* Must be long enough */

/* Copy the substring "o W" from msg to submsg */
strncpy(submsg, &msg[4], 3);

/* Terminate the resulting string since strncpy() doesn't */
submsg[3] = '\0';

printf("msg[] = '%s'\nsubmsg[] = '%s'\n", msg, submsg);

return 0;
}

2)Is there any function (in C standard library) that returns the
position of a substring in a string?
No, but you may use strstr() like this:

#include <string.h> /* for strstr() */
#include <stdio.h> /* for printf(), fprintf() */
#include <stddef.h> /* for ptrdiff_t, NULL */

int
main(void)
{
char msg[] = "Hello World!";
char *ptr;

ptrdiff_t ptrpos;

/* Locate the substring "o W" in msg */
ptr = strstr(msg, "o W");

if (ptr == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Substring not found\n");
} else {
/* Calculate the position of ptr in msg */
ptrpos = ptr - &msg[0];

printf("Positio n of 'o W' in '%s' is %d\n", msg, ptrpos);
}

return 0;
}

Thx a lot...

Wlcm a lot...
--
Andreas Kähäri

[Ed Morton]

Jupiter wrote:

Hey,
I would like to know 2 things.
1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?
2)Is there any function (in C standard library) that returns the
position of a substring in a string?

Yes. Take a look at http://www-ccs.ucsd.edu/c/string.html for a list of
the string functions in string.h. Buying a copy of K&R 2 wouldn't be a
bad idea either...

Ed.

[Tristan Miller]

Greetings.

In article <3f********@new s.swissonline.c h>, Ivan Vecerina wrote:

1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?

Not directly -- this has to be emulated with a more general
function such as memcpy (how exactly depends on the
destination storage for the substring).

Eh? You got something against strncpy() or something?

--
_
_V.-o Tristan Miller [en,(fr,de,ia)] >< Space is limited
/ |`-' -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= <> In a haiku, so it's hard
(7_\\ http://www.nothingisreal.com/ >< To finish what you

[Al Bowers]

Tristan Miller wrote:

Greetings.

In article <3f********@new s.swissonline.c h>, Ivan Vecerina wrote:

1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?

Not directly -- this has to be emulated with a more general
function such as memcpy (how exactly depends on the
destination storage for the substring).

Eh? You got something against strncpy() or something?

'Something' might be more appropriate than strncpy. It depends on
the definition of 'extract'. I interpret this to mean to remove a
substring from a string.

Take string:
char s[] = "Have a very good day"
and extract the substring "very " to make s the
string "Have a good day".

If this is the intent of the OP, then a solution would not involve
strncpy or memcpy. A function duo of strstr and memmove would
do the job.

--
Al Bowers
Tampa, Fl USA
mailto: xa******@myrapi dsys.com (remove the x to send email)
http://www.geocities.com/abowers822/

[Richard Heathfield]

Tristan Miller wrote:

Greetings.

In article <3f********@new s.swissonline.c h>, Ivan Vecerina wrote:

1)Is there any function (in C standard library) that extracts a
substring from a string?

Not directly -- this has to be emulated with a more general
function such as memcpy (how exactly depends on the
destination storage for the substring).

Eh? You got something against strncpy() or something?

Well, as a substring extractor, it's suboptimal.

Consider, for example:

char foo[16];
char bar[16] = "abcdefghijklmn o";

strncpy(foo, bar, 3);

At the end of this operation, foo does not contain a string. Oops.

--
Richard Heathfield : bi****@eton.pow ernet.co.uk
"Usenet is a strange place." - Dennis M Ritchie, 29 July 1999.
C FAQ: http://www.eskimo.com/~scs/C-faq/top.html
K&R answers, C books, etc: http://users.powernet.co.uk/eton

[Tristan Miller]

Greetings.

In article <bo**********@h ercules.btinter net.com>, Richard Heathfield wrote:

Consider, for example:

char foo[16];
char bar[16] = "abcdefghijklmn o";

strncpy(foo, bar, 3);

At the end of this operation, foo does not contain a string. Oops.

Well, it doesn't contain a nul-terminated string, but it does contain the
first three characters of bar, which may be all that is needed in some
cases. Does the C standard use the term "string" to refer to both nul- and
non-nul-terminated strings, or does it make a nomenclatural distinction
between "string" (which always includes the sentinel) and the more general
"array-of-char"?

--
_
_V.-o Tristan Miller [en,(fr,de,ia)] >< Space is limited
/ |`-' -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= <> In a haiku, so it's hard
(7_\\ http://www.nothingisreal.com/ >< To finish what you