Events, weak references or other approach advice required

[DeveloperX]

Hi, I've just written the following code to describe the issue I have.
In a nutshell if an object subscribes to an event on a long lived
object and I then ditch the reference to the subscriber (set it to
null) The object doesn't get GCed because the publisher still has a
reference to it.
Solutions I can think of are:
1) WeakReference - I'm not sure how to do that (Needs to be framework
1.1 and 2 compatible fyi) and I'd like to use events rather than
delegates directly if that makes sense.
2) Implement an interface to explicitly unsubscribe the subscribers
(Doesn't have to be an interface, just a method for simplicity) but
then I have to remember to call that. Not a huge hassle, and something
I already do in other applications.

Here's the code.

//Publisher first
-------------------------------------------------------
using System;
using System.Timers;

namespace Eventer
{
public delegate void TimerEventHandl er(object sender, TimerEventArgs
e);
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Publisher.
/// </summary>
public class Publisher
{
private Timer _timer=new Timer(2000);

public event TimerEventHandl er TimerFired;

public Publisher()
{
_timer.Elapsed+ =new ElapsedEventHan dler(_timer_Ela psed);
_timer.Start();
}
private void _timer_Elapsed( object sender, ElapsedEventArg s e)
{
TimerEventArgs nE=new TimerEventArgs( e.SignalTime.Ti cks);
OnTimerFired(nE );
}
protected virtual void OnTimerFired(Ti merEventArgs e)
{
if (null != TimerFired)
{
TimerFired(this ,e);
}
}
}

public class TimerEventArgs : EventArgs
{
long _tick=0;

public TimerEventArgs( long pTick)
{
_tick = pTick;
}

public long Tick
{
get
{
return _tick;
}
}
}
}

// Subscriber
---------------------------------------------------------------------

using System;

namespace Eventer
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Subscriber.
/// </summary>
public class Subscriber
{
int _value;

public Subscriber(int pValue, Publisher pPublisher)
{
_value = pValue;
pPublisher.Time rFired+=new TimerEventHandl er(pPublisher_T imerFired);
}

private void pPublisher_Time rFired(object sender, TimerEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLi ne(_value.ToStr ing() + " - " + e.Tick.ToString ());
}
}
}

// The relevant bit of the form that tests it. Basically two buttons
one that starts and one that stops ------------------

private Publisher _publisber=new Publisher();
private System.Collecti ons.ArrayList _arrayList=new ArrayList(5);

//Create subscribers
private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
Subscriber s;

for(int c=0;c<5;c++)
{
s=new Subscriber(c,_p ublisber);
_arrayList.Add( s);
}

}

//clear reference to subscribers
private void button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
_arrayList=null ;
GC.Collect(); //trying to hurry things along for the demo
}

[Ciaran O''Donnell]

One suggestion is to make the objects Disposable and then dispose them before
setting them to null. Then in the Dispose function you can un register them
from the event.
Ciaran O'Donnell

"DeveloperX " wrote:

Hi, I've just written the following code to describe the issue I have.
In a nutshell if an object subscribes to an event on a long lived
object and I then ditch the reference to the subscriber (set it to
null) The object doesn't get GCed because the publisher still has a
reference to it.
Solutions I can think of are:
1) WeakReference - I'm not sure how to do that (Needs to be framework
1.1 and 2 compatible fyi) and I'd like to use events rather than
delegates directly if that makes sense.
2) Implement an interface to explicitly unsubscribe the subscribers
(Doesn't have to be an interface, just a method for simplicity) but
then I have to remember to call that. Not a huge hassle, and something
I already do in other applications.

Here's the code.

//Publisher first
-------------------------------------------------------
using System;
using System.Timers;

namespace Eventer
{
public delegate void TimerEventHandl er(object sender, TimerEventArgs
e);
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Publisher.
/// </summary>
public class Publisher
{
private Timer _timer=new Timer(2000);

public event TimerEventHandl er TimerFired;

public Publisher()
{
_timer.Elapsed+ =new ElapsedEventHan dler(_timer_Ela psed);
_timer.Start();
}
private void _timer_Elapsed( object sender, ElapsedEventArg s e)
{
TimerEventArgs nE=new TimerEventArgs( e.SignalTime.Ti cks);
OnTimerFired(nE );
}
protected virtual void OnTimerFired(Ti merEventArgs e)
{
if (null != TimerFired)
{
TimerFired(this ,e);
}
}
}

public class TimerEventArgs : EventArgs
{
long _tick=0;

public TimerEventArgs( long pTick)
{
_tick = pTick;
}

public long Tick
{
get
{
return _tick;
}
}
}
}

// Subscriber
---------------------------------------------------------------------

using System;

namespace Eventer
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Subscriber.
/// </summary>
public class Subscriber
{
int _value;

public Subscriber(int pValue, Publisher pPublisher)
{
_value = pValue;
pPublisher.Time rFired+=new TimerEventHandl er(pPublisher_T imerFired);
}

private void pPublisher_Time rFired(object sender, TimerEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLi ne(_value.ToStr ing() + " - " + e.Tick.ToString ());
}
}
}

// The relevant bit of the form that tests it. Basically two buttons
one that starts and one that stops ------------------

private Publisher _publisber=new Publisher();
private System.Collecti ons.ArrayList _arrayList=new ArrayList(5);

//Create subscribers
private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
Subscriber s;

for(int c=0;c<5;c++)
{
s=new Subscriber(c,_p ublisber);
_arrayList.Add( s);
}

}

//clear reference to subscribers
private void button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
_arrayList=null ;
GC.Collect(); //trying to hurry things along for the demo
}

[Ciaran O''Donnell]

try this:

System.IO.Strea mWriter file = new System.IO.Strea mWriter(@"C:\te st.xml");
System.Xml.XmlT extWriter xtr = new System.Xml.XmlT extWriter(file) ;
xtr.Formatting = System.Xml.Form atting.Indented ;
ser.Serialize(x tr, test);
file.Flush();
file.Close();
Ciaran O'Donnell
"DeveloperX " wrote:

Hi, I've just written the following code to describe the issue I have.
In a nutshell if an object subscribes to an event on a long lived
object and I then ditch the reference to the subscriber (set it to
null) The object doesn't get GCed because the publisher still has a
reference to it.
Solutions I can think of are:
1) WeakReference - I'm not sure how to do that (Needs to be framework
1.1 and 2 compatible fyi) and I'd like to use events rather than
delegates directly if that makes sense.
2) Implement an interface to explicitly unsubscribe the subscribers
(Doesn't have to be an interface, just a method for simplicity) but
then I have to remember to call that. Not a huge hassle, and something
I already do in other applications.

Here's the code.

//Publisher first
-------------------------------------------------------
using System;
using System.Timers;

namespace Eventer
{
public delegate void TimerEventHandl er(object sender, TimerEventArgs
e);
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Publisher.
/// </summary>
public class Publisher
{
private Timer _timer=new Timer(2000);

public event TimerEventHandl er TimerFired;

public Publisher()
{
_timer.Elapsed+ =new ElapsedEventHan dler(_timer_Ela psed);
_timer.Start();
}
private void _timer_Elapsed( object sender, ElapsedEventArg s e)
{
TimerEventArgs nE=new TimerEventArgs( e.SignalTime.Ti cks);
OnTimerFired(nE );
}
protected virtual void OnTimerFired(Ti merEventArgs e)
{
if (null != TimerFired)
{
TimerFired(this ,e);
}
}
}

public class TimerEventArgs : EventArgs
{
long _tick=0;

public TimerEventArgs( long pTick)
{
_tick = pTick;
}

public long Tick
{
get
{
return _tick;
}
}
}
}

// Subscriber
---------------------------------------------------------------------

using System;

namespace Eventer
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Subscriber.
/// </summary>
public class Subscriber
{
int _value;

public Subscriber(int pValue, Publisher pPublisher)
{
_value = pValue;
pPublisher.Time rFired+=new TimerEventHandl er(pPublisher_T imerFired);
}

private void pPublisher_Time rFired(object sender, TimerEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLi ne(_value.ToStr ing() + " - " + e.Tick.ToString ());
}
}
}

// The relevant bit of the form that tests it. Basically two buttons
one that starts and one that stops ------------------

private Publisher _publisber=new Publisher();
private System.Collecti ons.ArrayList _arrayList=new ArrayList(5);

//Create subscribers
private void button1_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
Subscriber s;

for(int c=0;c<5;c++)
{
s=new Subscriber(c,_p ublisber);
_arrayList.Add( s);
}

}

//clear reference to subscribers
private void button2_Click(o bject sender, System.EventArg s e)
{
_arrayList=null ;
GC.Collect(); //trying to hurry things along for the demo
}

[Ignacio Machin \( .NET/ C# MVP \)]

Hi,
"DeveloperX " <nn*****@operam ail.comwrote in message
news:11******** **************@ i42g2000cwa.goo glegroups.com.. .

Hi, I've just written the following code to describe the issue I have.
In a nutshell if an object subscribes to an event on a long lived
object and I then ditch the reference to the subscriber (set it to
null) The object doesn't get GCed because the publisher still has a
reference to it.
Solutions I can think of are:
1) WeakReference - I'm not sure how to do that (Needs to be framework
1.1 and 2 compatible fyi) and I'd like to use events rather than
delegates directly if that makes sense.

Not sure how (if) this will work.

2) Implement an interface to explicitly unsubscribe the subscribers
(Doesn't have to be an interface, just a method for simplicity) but
then I have to remember to call that. Not a huge hassle, and something
I already do in other applications.

I think this is the way to go with a twist, instead of a new interface you
could implement IDisposable and do your "cleaning" in the Dispose method.

You object will need a list of the subscriptions he did during its lifetime
and just unsubscribe from them. Not a terrible difficilt thing to implement
I think.

--
--
Ignacio Machin,
ignacio.machin AT dot.state.fl.us
Florida Department Of Transportation

[DeveloperX]

Ignacio Machin ( .NET/ C# MVP ) wrote:

Hi,
"DeveloperX " <nn*****@operam ail.comwrote in message
news:11******** **************@ i42g2000cwa.goo glegroups.com.. .

Hi, I've just written the following code to describe the issue I have.
In a nutshell if an object subscribes to an event on a long lived
object and I then ditch the reference to the subscriber (set it to
null) The object doesn't get GCed because the publisher still has a
reference to it.
Solutions I can think of are:
1) WeakReference - I'm not sure how to do that (Needs to be framework
1.1 and 2 compatible fyi) and I'd like to use events rather than
delegates directly if that makes sense.

Not sure how (if) this will work.

2) Implement an interface to explicitly unsubscribe the subscribers
(Doesn't have to be an interface, just a method for simplicity) but
then I have to remember to call that. Not a huge hassle, and something
I already do in other applications.

I think this is the way to go with a twist, instead of a new interface you
could implement IDisposable and do your "cleaning" in the Dispose method.

You object will need a list of the subscriptions he did during its lifetime
and just unsubscribe from them. Not a terrible difficilt thing to implement
I think.

--
--
Ignacio Machin,
ignacio.machin AT dot.state.fl.us
Florida Department Of Transportation

Yep, I use an interface as I wrap up registering and unregistering in
the same place. The event thing just suprised me for some reason, I'm
suprised I've not noticed it in the past, but I guess it doesn't
necessarily come up that often.
I'm as likely to register the subscribers with the publisher and have
the publisher call methods on the subscribers. Same issue of course,
Publisher holds a reference to the subscriber, but there you go.