sys.stdout question

[chris patton]

>>> import sys

class stuff: .... things = []
.... def write(self, string):
.... self.things.append(string)
.... def_stdout = sys.stdout
sys.stdout = stuff()
print 'this is a string.'
print 'This is another string.'
sys.stdout = def_stdout
print stuff.things

['This is a string.', '\n', 'This is another string.', '\n']

Where are the newline characters coming from?

[M.E.Farmer]

Print is the culprit here. Note item 2.

help('print')

6.6 The print statement

print_stmt ::= "print" ( [expression[1] ("," expression[2])*
[","]]
| ">>" expression[3] [("," expression[4])+ [","]] )

Download entire grammar as text.[5]

print evaluates each expression in turn and writes the resulting
object
to standard output (see below). If an object is not a string, it is
first converted to a string using the rules for string conversions.
The
(resulting or original) string is then written. A space is written
before each object is (converted and) written, unless the output
system
believes it is positioned at the beginning of a line. This is the
case
(1) when no characters have yet been written to standard output, (2)
when the last character written to standard output is "\n", or (3)
when
the last write operation on standard output was not a print
statement.
(In some cases it may be functional to write an empty string to
standard
output for this reason.) Note: Objects which act like file objects
but
which are not the built-in file objects often do not properly emulate
this aspect of the file object's behavior, so it is best not to rely
on
this.

A "\n" character is written at the end, unless the print statement
ends
with a comma. This is the only action if the statement contains just
the
keyword print.

Standard output is defined as the file object named stdout in the
built-in module sys. If no such object exists, or if it does not have
a
write() method, a RuntimeError exception is raised.

print also has an extended form, defined by the second portion of the
syntax described above. This form is sometimes referred to as ``print
chevron.'' In this form, the first expression after the >> must
evaluate
to a ``file-like'' object, specifically an object that has a write()
method as described above. With this extended form, the subsequent
expressions are printed to this file object. If the first expression
evaluates to None, then sys.stdout is used as the file for output.

hth,
M.E.Farmer

[Steve Holden]

chris patton wrote:

import sys
class stuff:
... things = []
... def write(self, string):
... self.things.append(string)
...
def_stdout = sys.stdout
sys.stdout = stuff()
print 'this is a string.'
print 'This is another string.'
sys.stdout = def_stdout
print stuff.things

['This is a string.', '\n', 'This is another string.', '\n']

Where are the newline characters coming from?

The print statement automatically inserts a newline at the end of its
output unless the statement ends in a comma. It also puts a space
between the comma-separated items.

regards
Steve
--
Steve Holden [phone] [phone]
Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/
Python Web Programming http://pydish.holdenweb.com/

[chris patton]

I tried adding the comma at the end
print 'hello',
It still added that extra character.

[M.E.Farmer]

Save your script and run that from a commandline or import it with your
python shell.
['this is a string.', ' ', 'This is another string.']
You are seeing a side effect of the interactive shell.
['this is a string.', '\n', 'This is another string.','\n']
It would be hard to get to the next prompt after a print "dsfdfdssd",
if the shell didn't add the \n to get it there.
Also note most shells use repr or str behind the scenes for output to
sys.stdout sys.stderr.

def g(): .... pass
.... g # notice it has been repr'd for you <function g at 0x0077AB88> repr(g)

'<function g at 0x0077AB88>'
M.E.Farmer

[Peter Otten]

chris patton wrote:

I tried adding the comma at the end
print 'hello',
It still added that extra character.

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/pyt...er/184181.html

Peter

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