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Overloaded Operators Problems

Okay I have a bunch of code below. Hope it comes across readable.

The problem I'm having is that in the lines under main():

cout << a << endl;

Is going into the code for IntArray(const IntArray&);. Without that function
these first 5 tests work fine. Of course I need that come test6().

Also something must be wrong with the deconstructor. If I comment it out my
program goes much further without crashing out.

And in case your wondering I can't modify any of the test#() functions.
Those came from the instructor.

Please rip it apart. Thanks.



*********************

My Class:

*********************

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class IntArray

{

private:

int arrayLow, arrayHigh; //low & high index of array

char name; //name of object

int *array; //pointer to

beggining of array
public:

IntArray(); //Constructor - create

array index 0-9

IntArray(int); //Constructor for arrays

starting at 0

IntArray(int, int); //Constructor for arrays not

starting at 0

IntArray(const IntArray&); //Constructor for making copy of

another IntArray object

~IntArray() {delete[] array;} //Default Deconstructor

int& IntArray::operator[](int); //Overload [] for

Assigning Values

int& IntArray::operator[](int) const;

void operator=(const IntArray&); //Overload = for

Assigning two IntArray Objects

int IntArray::operator==(IntArray); //Overload == for

Comparing Arrays

int IntArray::operator!=(IntArray); //Overload != for

Comparing Arrays

IntArray IntArray::operator+(IntArray); //Overload + for Adding

Arrays

void IntArray::operator+=(IntArray); //Overload +=

friend ostream& operator<<( ostream& theStream,IntArray

toPrint); //Overload <<
int low() const {return arrayLow;} //Returns lowest

index of array

int high() const {return arrayHigh;} //Returns

highest index of array

void setName(char myName) {name=myName;} //Sets name of

object

};

*********************

My Code for the Class:

*********************

#include "intarray.h"

using namespace std;

IntArray::IntArray()

{

arrayLow=0;

arrayHigh=9;

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1];

}

IntArray::IntArray(int size)

{

arrayLow=0; //array starts at 0

arrayHigh=size-1; //highest index of array based on given

size

array=new int[size]; //create array memory locations

}

IntArray::IntArray(int low, int high)

{

arrayLow=low; //start of array index

arrayHigh=high; //end of array index
if(arrayHigh>=arrayLow)

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1]; //create array

memory locations

else

cout << "Low Array Boundry Higher than High Array

Boundry" << endl;

}

IntArray::IntArray(const IntArray& copyFrom)

{

arrayLow=copyFrom.arrayLow;

arrayHigh=copyFrom.arrayHigh;

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1];

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;++i)

array[i]=copyFrom.array[i];

}

int& IntArray::operator[] (int forLocation)

{

if(forLocation>=arrayHigh || forLocation<arrayLow)

//Change to halt program - Array out of bounds

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

else

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

}

int& IntArray::operator[](int forLocation) const

{

if(forLocation>=arrayHigh || forLocation<arrayLow)

//Change to halt program - Array out of bounds

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

else

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

}

void IntArray::operator=(const IntArray& copyFrom)

{

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;++i)

array[i]=copyFrom.array[copyFrom.arrayLow+i];

}

int IntArray::operator== (IntArray a)

{

if((arrayHigh-arrayLow)!=(a.high()-a.low()))

return 0; //Arrays not of same length

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

{

if(array[i]!=a[a.low()+i])

return 0; //Two elements do not match

}

return 1; //All elements matched, return TRUE

}

int IntArray::operator!= (IntArray a)

{

if((arrayHigh-arrayLow)!=(a.high()-a.low()))

return 1; //Arrays not of same length

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

{

if(array[i]!=a[a.low()+i])

return 1; //Two elements do not match

}

return 0; //All elements matched, return FALSE

}

IntArray IntArray::operator+ (IntArray b)

{

IntArray sum(arrayHigh-arrayLow);
for(int i=0;i<(arrayHigh-arrayLow);i++)

{

// sum[i]=array[arrayLow+i] + b[b.arrayLow()+i];

}

return sum;

}

void IntArray::operator+= (IntArray b)

{

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

array[i]=array[i]+b[b.arrayLow+i];

}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& theStream, IntArray toPrint)

{

for(int i=toPrint.arrayLow;i<=toPrint.arrayHigh;++i)

theStream << "Index: " << i << "\tValue: "

<< toPrint[i] << endl;

return theStream;

}

*********************

What main() runs

*********************

void test1()

{

system("cls");

cout << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl <<
endl;

csis << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl <<
endl;

IntArray a(10);

for(int i = a.low(); i <= a.high(); i++)

a[i] = i * 10;

a.setName('a');

cout << a << endl;

csis << a << endl;

wait();

}

void test2()

{

system("cls");

cout << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl <<
endl;

csis << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl <<
endl;

IntArray b(-3, 6);

for(int i = b.low(); i <= b.high(); i++)

b[i] = i * 10;

b.setName('b');

cout << b << endl;

csis << b << endl;

wait();

}

void test3()

{

system("cls");

cout << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl <<
endl;

csis << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl <<
endl;

IntArray c(6, 8);

for(int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)

c[i] = i * 10;

c.setName('c');

cout << c << endl;

csis << c << endl;

wait();

}

void test4()

{

system("cls");

cout << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);"
<< endl << endl;

csis << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);"
<< endl << endl;

IntArray d(5, 5);

for(int i = d.low(); i <= d.high(); i++)

d[i] = i * 10;

d.setName('d');

cout << d << endl;

csis << d << endl;

wait();

}

void test5()

{

system("cls");

cout << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;

csis << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;

IntArray z;

for(int i = z.low(); i <= z.high(); i++)

z[i] = i * 10;

z.setName('z');

cout << z << endl;

csis << z << endl;

wait();

}

void test6()

{

system("cls");

cout << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray
c(6, 8);" << endl;

cout << "

Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;

csis << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray
c(6, 8);" << endl;

csis << "

Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;

IntArray c(6, 8);

for(int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)

c[i] = i * 10;

c.setName('c');

cout << c << endl;

csis << c << endl;

IntArray e(c);

e.setName('e');

cout << e << endl;

csis << e << endl;

wait();

}

Steve Evans

SDSU Foundation


Jul 19 '05 #1
2 2036
-Steve- wrote:
Okay I have a bunch of code below. Hope it comes across readable.

The problem I'm having is that in the lines under main():

cout << a << endl;

Is going into the code for IntArray(const IntArray&);. Without that function
these first 5 tests work fine. Of course I need that come test6().

Also something must be wrong with the deconstructor. If I comment it out my
program goes much further without crashing out.

And in case your wondering I can't modify any of the test#() functions.
Those came from the instructor.

Please rip it apart. Thanks.
-Steve-

Between the excess vertical whitespace and the lack of indentation, your
code is almost impossible to read. In order to get an appropriate
response, may I suggest you fix that and resubmit (hint: use spaces
instead of tabs; tabs often don't translate well across email).

Sorry,
--ag



*********************

My Class:

*********************

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class IntArray

{

private:

int arrayLow, arrayHigh; //low & high index of array

char name; //name of object

int *array; //pointer to

beggining of array
public:

IntArray(); //Constructor - create

array index 0-9

IntArray(int); //Constructor for arrays

starting at 0

IntArray(int, int); //Constructor for arrays not

starting at 0

IntArray(const IntArray&); //Constructor for making copy of

another IntArray object

~IntArray() {delete[] array;} //Default Deconstructor

int& IntArray::operator[](int); //Overload [] for

Assigning Values

int& IntArray::operator[](int) const;

void operator=(const IntArray&); //Overload = for

Assigning two IntArray Objects

int IntArray::operator==(IntArray); //Overload == for

Comparing Arrays

int IntArray::operator!=(IntArray); //Overload != for

Comparing Arrays

IntArray IntArray::operator+(IntArray); //Overload + for Adding

Arrays

void IntArray::operator+=(IntArray); //Overload +=

friend ostream& operator<<( ostream& theStream,IntArray

toPrint); //Overload <<
int low() const {return arrayLow;} //Returns lowest

index of array

int high() const {return arrayHigh;} //Returns

highest index of array

void setName(char myName) {name=myName;} //Sets name of

object

};

*********************

My Code for the Class:

*********************

#include "intarray.h"

using namespace std;

IntArray::IntArray()

{

arrayLow=0;

arrayHigh=9;

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1];

}

IntArray::IntArray(int size)

{

arrayLow=0; //array starts at 0

arrayHigh=size-1; //highest index of array based on given

size

array=new int[size]; //create array memory locations

}

IntArray::IntArray(int low, int high)

{

arrayLow=low; //start of array index

arrayHigh=high; //end of array index
if(arrayHigh>=arrayLow)

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1]; //create array

memory locations

else

cout << "Low Array Boundry Higher than High Array

Boundry" << endl;

}

IntArray::IntArray(const IntArray& copyFrom)

{

arrayLow=copyFrom.arrayLow;

arrayHigh=copyFrom.arrayHigh;

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1];

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;++i)

array[i]=copyFrom.array[i];

}

int& IntArray::operator[] (int forLocation)

{

if(forLocation>=arrayHigh || forLocation<arrayLow)

//Change to halt program - Array out of bounds

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

else

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

}

int& IntArray::operator[](int forLocation) const

{

if(forLocation>=arrayHigh || forLocation<arrayLow)

//Change to halt program - Array out of bounds

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

else

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

}

void IntArray::operator=(const IntArray& copyFrom)

{

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;++i)

array[i]=copyFrom.array[copyFrom.arrayLow+i];

}

int IntArray::operator== (IntArray a)

{

if((arrayHigh-arrayLow)!=(a.high()-a.low()))

return 0; //Arrays not of same length

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

{

if(array[i]!=a[a.low()+i])

return 0; //Two elements do not match

}

return 1; //All elements matched, return TRUE

}

int IntArray::operator!= (IntArray a)

{

if((arrayHigh-arrayLow)!=(a.high()-a.low()))

return 1; //Arrays not of same length

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

{

if(array[i]!=a[a.low()+i])

return 1; //Two elements do not match

}

return 0; //All elements matched, return FALSE

}

IntArray IntArray::operator+ (IntArray b)

{

IntArray sum(arrayHigh-arrayLow);
for(int i=0;i<(arrayHigh-arrayLow);i++)

{

// sum[i]=array[arrayLow+i] + b[b.arrayLow()+i];

}

return sum;

}

void IntArray::operator+= (IntArray b)

{

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

array[i]=array[i]+b[b.arrayLow+i];

}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& theStream, IntArray toPrint)

{

for(int i=toPrint.arrayLow;i<=toPrint.arrayHigh;++i)

theStream << "Index: " << i << "\tValue: "

<< toPrint[i] << endl;

return theStream;

}

*********************

What main() runs

*********************

void test1()

{

system("cls");

cout << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl <<
endl;

csis << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl <<
endl;

IntArray a(10);

for(int i = a.low(); i <= a.high(); i++)

a[i] = i * 10;

a.setName('a');

cout << a << endl;

csis << a << endl;

wait();

}

void test2()

{

system("cls");

cout << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl <<
endl;

csis << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl <<
endl;

IntArray b(-3, 6);

for(int i = b.low(); i <= b.high(); i++)

b[i] = i * 10;

b.setName('b');

cout << b << endl;

csis << b << endl;

wait();

}

void test3()

{

system("cls");

cout << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl <<
endl;

csis << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl <<
endl;

IntArray c(6, 8);

for(int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)

c[i] = i * 10;

c.setName('c');

cout << c << endl;

csis << c << endl;

wait();

}

void test4()

{

system("cls");

cout << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);"
<< endl << endl;

csis << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);"
<< endl << endl;

IntArray d(5, 5);

for(int i = d.low(); i <= d.high(); i++)

d[i] = i * 10;

d.setName('d');

cout << d << endl;

csis << d << endl;

wait();

}

void test5()

{

system("cls");

cout << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;

csis << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;

IntArray z;

for(int i = z.low(); i <= z.high(); i++)

z[i] = i * 10;

z.setName('z');

cout << z << endl;

csis << z << endl;

wait();

}

void test6()

{

system("cls");

cout << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray
c(6, 8);" << endl;

cout << "

Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;

csis << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray
c(6, 8);" << endl;

csis << "

Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;

IntArray c(6, 8);

for(int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)

c[i] = i * 10;

c.setName('c');

cout << c << endl;

csis << c << endl;

IntArray e(c);

e.setName('e');

cout << e << endl;

csis << e << endl;

wait();

}

Steve Evans

SDSU Foundation



--
Artie Gold -- Austin, Texas

Jul 19 '05 #2
I've posted it on the web:

http://planetevans.com/operators.htm

However I'm going to break down the problem more and post the seperate
problems. Thanks.
"Artie Gold" <ar*******@austin.rr.com> wrote in message
news:3F**********@austin.rr.com...
-Steve- wrote:
Okay I have a bunch of code below. Hope it comes across readable.

The problem I'm having is that in the lines under main():

cout << a << endl;

Is going into the code for IntArray(const IntArray&);. Without that function these first 5 tests work fine. Of course I need that come test6().

Also something must be wrong with the deconstructor. If I comment it out my program goes much further without crashing out.

And in case your wondering I can't modify any of the test#() functions.
Those came from the instructor.

Please rip it apart. Thanks.


-Steve-

Between the excess vertical whitespace and the lack of indentation, your
code is almost impossible to read. In order to get an appropriate
response, may I suggest you fix that and resubmit (hint: use spaces
instead of tabs; tabs often don't translate well across email).

Sorry,
--ag



*********************

My Class:

*********************

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class IntArray

{

private:

int arrayLow, arrayHigh; //low & high index of array

char name; //name of object

int *array; //pointer to

beggining of array
public:

IntArray(); //Constructor - create

array index 0-9

IntArray(int); //Constructor for arrays

starting at 0

IntArray(int, int); //Constructor for arrays not

starting at 0

IntArray(const IntArray&); //Constructor for making copy of

another IntArray object

~IntArray() {delete[] array;} //Default Deconstructor

int& IntArray::operator[](int); //Overload [] for

Assigning Values

int& IntArray::operator[](int) const;

void operator=(const IntArray&); //Overload = for

Assigning two IntArray Objects

int IntArray::operator==(IntArray); //Overload == for

Comparing Arrays

int IntArray::operator!=(IntArray); //Overload != for

Comparing Arrays

IntArray IntArray::operator+(IntArray); //Overload + for Adding

Arrays

void IntArray::operator+=(IntArray); //Overload +=

friend ostream& operator<<( ostream& theStream,IntArray

toPrint); //Overload <<
int low() const {return arrayLow;} //Returns lowest

index of array

int high() const {return arrayHigh;} //Returns

highest index of array

void setName(char myName) {name=myName;} //Sets name of

object

};

*********************

My Code for the Class:

*********************

#include "intarray.h"

using namespace std;

IntArray::IntArray()

{

arrayLow=0;

arrayHigh=9;

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1];

}

IntArray::IntArray(int size)

{

arrayLow=0; //array starts at 0

arrayHigh=size-1; //highest index of array based on given

size

array=new int[size]; //create array memory locations

}

IntArray::IntArray(int low, int high)

{

arrayLow=low; //start of array index

arrayHigh=high; //end of array index
if(arrayHigh>=arrayLow)

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1]; //create array

memory locations

else

cout << "Low Array Boundry Higher than High Array

Boundry" << endl;

}

IntArray::IntArray(const IntArray& copyFrom)

{

arrayLow=copyFrom.arrayLow;

arrayHigh=copyFrom.arrayHigh;

array=new int[arrayHigh-arrayLow+1];

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;++i)

array[i]=copyFrom.array[i];

}

int& IntArray::operator[] (int forLocation)

{

if(forLocation>=arrayHigh || forLocation<arrayLow)

//Change to halt program - Array out of bounds

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

else

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

}

int& IntArray::operator[](int forLocation) const

{

if(forLocation>=arrayHigh || forLocation<arrayLow)

//Change to halt program - Array out of bounds

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

else

return array[arrayLow+forLocation];

}

void IntArray::operator=(const IntArray& copyFrom)

{

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;++i)

array[i]=copyFrom.array[copyFrom.arrayLow+i];

}

int IntArray::operator== (IntArray a)

{

if((arrayHigh-arrayLow)!=(a.high()-a.low()))

return 0; //Arrays not of same length

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

{

if(array[i]!=a[a.low()+i])

return 0; //Two elements do not match

}

return 1; //All elements matched, return TRUE

}

int IntArray::operator!= (IntArray a)

{

if((arrayHigh-arrayLow)!=(a.high()-a.low()))

return 1; //Arrays not of same length

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

{

if(array[i]!=a[a.low()+i])

return 1; //Two elements do not match

}

return 0; //All elements matched, return FALSE

}

IntArray IntArray::operator+ (IntArray b)

{

IntArray sum(arrayHigh-arrayLow);
for(int i=0;i<(arrayHigh-arrayLow);i++)

{

// sum[i]=array[arrayLow+i] + b[b.arrayLow()+i];

}

return sum;

}

void IntArray::operator+= (IntArray b)

{

for(int i=arrayLow;i<arrayHigh;i++)

array[i]=array[i]+b[b.arrayLow+i];

}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& theStream, IntArray toPrint)

{

for(int i=toPrint.arrayLow;i<=toPrint.arrayHigh;++i)

theStream << "Index: " << i << "\tValue: "

<< toPrint[i] << endl;

return theStream;

}

*********************

What main() runs

*********************

void test1()

{

system("cls");

cout << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl << endl;

csis << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl << endl;

IntArray a(10);

for(int i = a.low(); i <= a.high(); i++)

a[i] = i * 10;

a.setName('a');

cout << a << endl;

csis << a << endl;

wait();

}

void test2()

{

system("cls");

cout << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl << endl;

csis << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl << endl;

IntArray b(-3, 6);

for(int i = b.low(); i <= b.high(); i++)

b[i] = i * 10;

b.setName('b');

cout << b << endl;

csis << b << endl;

wait();

}

void test3()

{

system("cls");

cout << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl << endl;

csis << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl << endl;

IntArray c(6, 8);

for(int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)

c[i] = i * 10;

c.setName('c');

cout << c << endl;

csis << c << endl;

wait();

}

void test4()

{

system("cls");

cout << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);" << endl << endl;

csis << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);" << endl << endl;

IntArray d(5, 5);

for(int i = d.low(); i <= d.high(); i++)

d[i] = i * 10;

d.setName('d');

cout << d << endl;

csis << d << endl;

wait();

}

void test5()

{

system("cls");

cout << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;
csis << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;
IntArray z;

for(int i = z.low(); i <= z.high(); i++)

z[i] = i * 10;

z.setName('z');

cout << z << endl;

csis << z << endl;

wait();

}

void test6()

{

system("cls");

cout << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl;

cout << "

Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;

csis << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl;

csis << "

Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;

IntArray c(6, 8);

for(int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)

c[i] = i * 10;

c.setName('c');

cout << c << endl;

csis << c << endl;

IntArray e(c);

e.setName('e');

cout << e << endl;

csis << e << endl;

wait();

}

Steve Evans

SDSU Foundation



--
Artie Gold -- Austin, Texas

Jul 19 '05 #3

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hi i wasnt to know the answer for the following. now ,u can overload all the operators which are basically determined at runtime (coz' of whch operators like sizeof())cannot be overloaded. now...
14
by: ambar.shome | last post by:
Hi, As you know there are few operators in C++ which cant be overloaded. They are: .., .*, ::, ?: , new , delete , sizeof , typeid , static_casr , dynamic_cast , const_cast ,...
1
by: Alex Zhitlenok | last post by:
Hi, My question is how to resolve in C# ambiguous overloaded operators? Let say, I have two unrelated classes A and B, each one implements overloaded operator + with the first parameter of type...
5
by: raylopez99 | last post by:
I need an example of a managed overloaded assignment operator for a reference class, so I can equate two classes A1 and A2, say called ARefClass, in this manner: A1=A2;. For some strange reason...
3
by: iluvatar | last post by:
Hi all. I have written a 3d-vector class (for 3-dimensional space) and I have overloaded the arihtmetic operators like +, +=, * and so on. Also, the constructor works with doubles and has...
0
by: emmanuelkatto | last post by:
Hi All, I am Emmanuel katto from Uganda. I want to ask what challenges you've faced while migrating a website to cloud. Please let me know. Thanks! Emmanuel
1
by: nemocccc | last post by:
hello, everyone, I want to develop a software for my android phone for daily needs, any suggestions?
0
by: Hystou | last post by:
There are some requirements for setting up RAID: 1. The motherboard and BIOS support RAID configuration. 2. The motherboard has 2 or more available SATA protocol SSD/HDD slots (including MSATA, M.2...
0
marktang
by: marktang | last post by:
ONU (Optical Network Unit) is one of the key components for providing high-speed Internet services. Its primary function is to act as an endpoint device located at the user's premises. However,...
0
Oralloy
by: Oralloy | last post by:
Hello folks, I am unable to find appropriate documentation on the type promotion of bit-fields when using the generalised comparison operator "<=>". The problem is that using the GNU compilers,...
0
jinu1996
by: jinu1996 | last post by:
In today's digital age, having a compelling online presence is paramount for businesses aiming to thrive in a competitive landscape. At the heart of this digital strategy lies an intricately woven...
0
by: Hystou | last post by:
Overview: Windows 11 and 10 have less user interface control over operating system update behaviour than previous versions of Windows. In Windows 11 and 10, there is no way to turn off the Windows...
0
isladogs
by: isladogs | last post by:
The next Access Europe User Group meeting will be on Wednesday 1 May 2024 starting at 18:00 UK time (6PM UTC+1) and finishing by 19:30 (7.30PM). In this session, we are pleased to welcome a new...
0
by: conductexam | last post by:
I have .net C# application in which I am extracting data from word file and save it in database particularly. To store word all data as it is I am converting the whole word file firstly in HTML and...

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