Server configuration:
The asterisks match all addresses, so the main server serves no requests. Due to the fact that www.domain.tld is first in the configuration file, it has the highest priority and can be seen as the default or primary server.... Port 80 ServerName server.domain.tld NameVirtualHost * <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot /www/domain ServerName www.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain ServerName www.sub.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
Apart from localhost there are no unspecified addresses/ports, therefore the main server only serves localhost requests. Due to the fact that www.domain.tld has the highest priority it can be seen as the default or primary server.... Port 80 ServerName server.domain.tld NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44 <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/domain ServerName www.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain ServerName www.sub.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
...Any request to an address other than 111.22.33.55 will be served from the main server. A request to 111.22.33.55 with an unknown or noPort 80 ServerName www.domain.tld DocumentRoot /www/domain NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.55 <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain ServerName www.otherdomain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain ServerName www.sub.domain.tld ServerAlias *.sub.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost>Host:header will be served from www.otherdomain.tld.
The server can be made to respond to internal and external requests with
the same content, with just one VirtualHost section.
Server configuration:
Now requests from both networks will be served from the same... NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.1 NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.55 <VirtualHost 192.168.1.1 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/server1 ServerName server1.domain.tld ServerAlias server1 ... </VirtualHost>
VirtualHost Server configuration:
... NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44:80 NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44:8080 <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44:80> ServerName www.domain.tld DocumentRoot /www/domain-80 </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44:8080> ServerName www.domain.tld DocumentRoot /www/domain-8080 </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44:80> ServerName www.otherdomain.tld DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain-80 </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44:8080> ServerName www.otherdomain.tld DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain-8080 </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
www.otherdomain.tld can only be reached through the address 111.22.33.55, while www.domain.tld can only be reached through 111.22.33.44 (which represents our main server).... Port 80 DocumentRoot /www/domain ServerName www.domain.tld <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain ServerName www.otherdomain.tld ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
The main server can never catch a request, because all IP addresses of our machine are in use for IP-based virtual hosts (only localhost requests can hit the main server).... Port 80 ServerName server.domain.tld <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/domain ServerName www.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain ServerName www.otherdomain.tld ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
...The main server can never catch a request, because all IP addresses (apart from localhost) of our machine are in use for IP-based virtual hosts. The web server can only be reached on the first address through port 80 and the proxy only on the second address through port 8080.Port 80 Listen 111.22.33.44:80 Listen 111.22.33.55:8080 ServerName server.domain.tld <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44:80> DocumentRoot /www/domain ServerName www.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55:8080> ServerName www-cache.domain.tld ... <Directory proxy:> Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from 111.22.33 </Directory> </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
...Port 80 ServerName server.domain.tld NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44 <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/domain ServerName www.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain1 ServerName www.sub1.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain2 ServerName www.sub2.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain1 ServerName www.otherdomain1.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.66> DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain2 ServerName www.otherdomain2.tld ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
A request to www.domain.tld on port 80 is served from the main server and a request to port 8080 is served from the virtual host.... Listen 80 Listen 8080 ServerName www.domain.tld DocumentRoot /www/domain <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44:8080> DocumentRoot /www/domain2 ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
Using such a default vhost with a wildcard port effectively prevents any request going to the main server.... <VirtualHost _default_:*> DocumentRoot /www/default ... </VirtualHost>
A default vhost never serves a request that was sent to an address/port that is used for name-based vhosts. If the request contained an unknown or noHost:header it is always served from the primary name-based vhost (the vhost for that address/port appearing first in the configuration file).
You can useAliasMatchorRewriteRuleto rewrite any request to a single information page (or script).
_default_ vhost for
port 80.
Server configuration:
The default vhost for port 80 (which must appear before any default vhost with a wildcard port) catches all requests that were sent to an unspecified IP address. The main server is never used to serve a request.... <VirtualHost _default_:80> DocumentRoot /www/default80 ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost _default_:*> DocumentRoot /www/default ... </VirtualHost>
Server configuration:
A request to an unspecified address on port 80 is served from the default vhost any other request to an unspecified address and port is served from the main server.... <VirtualHost _default_:80> DocumentRoot /www/default ... </VirtualHost>
VirtualHost directive.
Server configuration:
The vhost can now be accessed through the new address (as an IP-based vhost) and through the old address (as a name-based vhost).... Port 80 ServerName www.domain.tld DocumentRoot /www/domain NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.55 <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55 111.22.33.66> DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain ServerName www.otherdomain.tld ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.55> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain ServerName www.sub.domain.tld ServerAlias *.sub.domain.tld ... </VirtualHost>
Host: header. Old HTTP/1.0 clients do not send such a header and
Apache has no clue what vhost the client tried to reach (and serves the
request from the primary vhost). To provide as much backward compatibility as
possible we create a primary vhost which returns a single page containing
links with an URL prefix to the name-based virtual hosts.
Server configuration:
Due to the... NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44 <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> # primary vhost DocumentRoot /www/subdomain RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^/.* /www/subdomain/index.html ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain/sub1 ServerName www.sub1.domain.tld ServerPath /sub1/ RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^(/sub1/.*) /www/subdomain$1 ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 111.22.33.44> DocumentRoot /www/subdomain/sub2 ServerName www.sub2.domain.tld ServerPath /sub2/ RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^(/sub2/.*) /www/subdomain$1 ... </VirtualHost>ServerPathdirective a request to the URL http://www.sub1.domain.tld/sub1/ is always served from the sub1-vhost.
A request to the URL http://www.sub1.domain.tld/ is only served from the sub1-vhost if the client sent a correctHost:header. If noHost:header is sent the client gets the information page from the primary host.
Please note that there is one oddity: A request to http://www.sub2.domain.tld/sub1/ is also served from the sub1-vhost if the client sent noHost:header.
TheRewriteRuledirectives are used to make sure that a client which sent a correctHost:header can use both URL variants, i.e., with or without URL prefix.