Tuvas wrote:
What exactly does the ^ operator do? I've seen, for example, that
3^4=7, 3^5=8. but 3^3=0. Is it just adding them together if they are
not equal, and if they are equal, outputs 0, or what? Thanks!
It performs an "exclusive-OR" (XOR) operation on the binary data
corresponding to those values. Where the boolean AND operation returns
a 1 where both inputs are 1 and a 0 otherwise, and boolean OR returns a
1 if either input is 1 but 0 otherwise, the XOR operator returns a 1 if
the two inputs are different (i.e. one is 0 and the other is 1) but a 0
if they are the same.
When done on the binary value, each corresponding bit is compared using
the above logic. For example, 3 is 0011 in binary, and 4 is 0100, so:
011 binary for 3
^ 100 binary for 4
---
= 111 (which is binary for 7).
(match up the binary digits vertically, so the first digit in the result
comes from the 0 and the 1 above it, in the two input values).
-Peter
