use DBI; package problem

[mdshafi01]

Hello,
I have one perl code.
'
Here they are using oracle database. To extract that data from database they are using DBI module.

in this program they have used some queries also.
i have such proram here here
in query they have used

? ? ? but i do not know what is this questions maks.
please can any one exaplain me the usage of this question mark inside the query.

use strict;
use DBI qw(:sql_types);
 
my $dbh = DBI->connect( 'dbi:Oracle:orcl',
                        'jeffrey',
                        'jeffspassword',
                        {
                          RaiseError => 1,
                          AutoCommit => 0
                        }
                      ) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr";
 
my @records = (
                [ 0, "Larry Wall",      "Perl Author",  "555-0101" ],
                [ 1, "Tim Bunce",       "DBI Author",   "555-0202" ],
                [ 2, "Randal Schwartz", "Guy at Large", "555-0303" ],
                [ 3, "Doug MacEachern", "Apache Man",   "555-0404" ] 
              );
 
my $sql = qq{ INSERT INTO employees VALUES ( ?, ?, ?, ? ) };my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql );
 
 
for( @records ) {
  eval {
    $sth->bind_param( 1, @$_->[0], SQL_INTEGER );
    $sth->bind_param( 2, @$_->[1], SQL_VARCHAR );
    $sth->bind_param( 3, @$_->[2], SQL_VARCHAR );
    $sth->bind_param( 4, @$_->[3], SQL_VARCHAR );
    $sth->execute();
    $dbh->commit();
  };
 
  if( $@ ) {
    warn "Database error: $DBI::errstr\n";
    $dbh->rollback(); #just die if rollback is failing
  }
}
 
$sth->finish();
$dbh->disconnect();

shafi

[eWish]

The ?'s when used with the DBI are called Placeholders. Read the documentation for more.

--Kevin