1.Try to create indexes on the frequently accessed columns of the table.
2.If indexes are already there ,re-build them requently.
3.Tune the sql queries for better performance.
4.Pass hints if required.
Adding on to this:
1. Reduce the usage of LIKE in the query
2. Make use of JOINS instead of subqueries
3. Use EXISTS instead of IN
4. Dont use functions in the WHERE clause which will make CBO not to use the INDEX.
5. If using any function, then create FUNCTION INDEX for the same to make the performance faster.
6. Also confirm that your query is making use of correct INDEX. You can do this by passing HINT to the query as mentioned in above POST.