Error C4439 'main' : function definition with a managed type in the signature must ha

[Soorali]

Hi

I am a newbie to VC++ and this is my first independent project so please pardon my ignorance!!

My project compiles and runs perfectly fine in Debug mode.

However, when I try to compile it in Release mode ( I need this to use the Setup wizard for application Deployment) I get the following error:

error C4439: 'main' : function definition with a managed type in the signature must have a __clrcall calling convention

I am using the following parameters:

Calling Convention : _stdcall (/Gz)

Common Language Runtime Support (/clr)

I have also added the library file ole32.lib in the Additional Dependancies in the Project Property.

When I try to use :

int __clrcall main(array<System::String ^> ^args)

I get the following Link errors:

error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" void __stdcall HidD_GetHidGuid(struct _GUID *)" (?HidD_GetHidGuid@@$$J14YGXPAU_GUID@@@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" void * __stdcall SetupDiGetClassDevsA(struct _GUID const *,char const *,struct HWND__ *,unsigned long)" (?SetupDiGetClassDevsA@@$$J216YGPAXPBU_GUID@@PBDPA UHWND__@@K@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" int __stdcall SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(void *,struct _SP_DEVINFO_DATA *,struct _GUID const *,unsigned long,struct _SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA *)" (?SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces@@$$J220YGHPAXPAU_SP_ DEVINFO_DATA@@PBU_GUID@@KPAU_SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_D ATA@@@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" int __stdcall SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(void *,struct _SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA *,struct _SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A *,unsigned long,unsigned long *,struct _SP_DEVINFO_DATA *)" (?SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA@@$$J224YGHPAXPA U_SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA@@PAU_SP_DEVICE_INTERFAC E_DETAIL_DATA_A@@KPAKPAU_SP_DEVINFO_DATA@@@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" unsigned char __stdcall HidD_GetAttributes(void *,struct _HIDD_ATTRIBUTES *)" (?HidD_GetAttributes@@$$J18YGEPAXPAU_HIDD_ATTRIBUT ES@@@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" int __stdcall SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(void *)" (?SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList@@$$J14YGHPAX@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" unsigned char __stdcall HidD_SetOutputReport(void *,void *,unsigned long)" (?HidD_SetOutputReport@@$$J212YGEPAX0K@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" unsigned char __stdcall HidD_GetInputReport(void *,void *,unsigned long)" (?HidD_GetInputReport@@$$J212YGEPAX0K@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" long __stdcall UuidCreate(struct _GUID *)" (?UuidCreate@@$$J14YGJPAU_GUID@@@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" long __stdcall UuidToStringA(struct _GUID const *,unsigned char * *)" (?UuidToStringA@@$$J18YGJPBU_GUID@@PAPAE@Z)

1>GUI.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" long __stdcall RpcStringFreeA(unsigned char * *)" (?RpcStringFreeA@@$$J14YGJPAPAE@Z)

1>C:\Documents and Settings\bandu\My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\13th July - TES GUI wshid\GUI\Release\GUI.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 11 unresolved externals

Please Help!!

Soorali

[Banfa]

Are you are are you not using .NET?

Does your project require it?

[Banfa]

I have made a GUI using the Windows Form Application. On button clicks on the GUI the program sends messages via USB to a connected device. Also one of the button connects this device to Skype and interacts with it.

Since I am using the windows Form application I THINK (in the limited knowledge I have) that I would need a .Net environment to run the .exe file.

Please feel free to correct me if I am wrong.

No you do not need to use .NET to create Windows programs, you can call the WIN32 API directly.

I asked because your errors look like they may be being produced by a clash between .NET and non-.NET code.

However I am not an expert on that.

[Soorali]

Hi Banfa,

Thanks for your response.

I have checked my project properties and am using the Win32 API.

Do you have any idea what could be causing this??

Regards,
Soorali

[Banfa]

This

int __clrcall main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
 

is the managed code version of main, you should be using either

int main(int argc, char* argp[])
 

Or its Microsoft equivalent wide character version

int wmain( int argc , wchar_t *argv[]);
 

Or its Microsoft equivalent that automatically selects the single or wide character version

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
 

Using this prototype automatically selects the correct version of the previous 2.


Another alternative is

int WINAPI _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPTSTR lpCmdLine,
    int nCmdShow)
 

This is the Windows entry point again the _t indicating that it automatically switches between single byte and multibyte characters. You should be using this if you are compiling as a Windows application as opposed to a console application.

[johny10151981]

Hi,
This answer is obsolet now :)
cause I didnt notice Banfa described it well :)



Hi,
Your main function definition says, its not a GUI program
you are doing console application.
in console application you can define main like this

int main(int argc, char *argv[]);
 

But if this is a graphical user interface the definition is different

int __stdcall WinMain(HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)

or

int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)

infact APIENTRY,WINAPI and __stdcall are all same

#define WINAPI __stdcall 
#define APIENTRY WINAPI
 

and

#define _tWinMain wWinMain
 

wWinMain is widecharcter version of WinMain

Let me know if my above information is wrong

Johny

[Soorali]

Hi Banfa/ Johny,

Thank you for replying to my post.

It finally works!!!

This is what I did:

Changed the call to the main routine to :

int __clrcall main(array<System::String ^> ^args)

It did not seem to like the _stdcall before main.


Got the usual 12 Link errors with the __clrcall. Then realised the lib files were missing from the Additional Dependancies from the Project Properties. Included those and after a few hiccups it finally works!!!

One thing I am a bit confused by....in the Project Properties it says I am using the .Net Framework but on a Win32 platform....is that why I need the __clrcall before the main???

Let me know your thoughts please.

Cheers
Soorali