a simple question regarding string copy

[wahaha]

Hi,

In a small code to implement string copy:

while(*a++ = *b++) ;

both a and b are char pointers. This code works but at the end, when *a
= *b = '\0' finishes, both a and b step one block beyond the last
character of the string which is "\0" because of the "++" operation.
Will this cause memory leak?

I have tested this code with GCC, it works but will this succinct
coding cause problem later?

Thank you.

[Robert Gamble]

wahaha wrote:

Hi,

In a small code to implement string copy:

while(*a++ = *b++) ;

both a and b are char pointers. This code works but at the end, when *a
= *b = '\0' finishes, both a and b step one block beyond the last
character of the string which is "\0" because of the "++" operation.
Will this cause memory leak?

It is legal in C to create a pointer that points to one past the last
element of an array as long as you don't then dereference the pointer
(which your code doesn't). I'm not sure why you might see an
opportunity for a memory leak but the code you presented is a classic
strcpy implementation example.

Robert Gamble

[wahaha]

Robert Gamble wrote:

wahaha wrote:

Hi,

In a small code to implement string copy:

while(*a++ = *b++) ;

both a and b are char pointers. This code works but at the end, when *a
= *b = '\0' finishes, both a and b step one block beyond the last
character of the string which is "\0" because of the "++" operation.
Will this cause memory leak?

It is legal in C to create a pointer that points to one past the last
element of an array as long as you don't then dereference the pointer
(which your code doesn't). I'm not sure why you might see an
opportunity for a memory leak but the code you presented is a classic
strcpy implementation example.

I guess so. Thank you very much for your answer.

[Keith Thompson]

"wahaha" <zh***********@gmail.comwrites:

In a small code to implement string copy:

while(*a++ = *b++) ;

both a and b are char pointers. This code works but at the end, when *a
= *b = '\0' finishes, both a and b step one block beyond the last
character of the string which is "\0" because of the "++" operation.
Will this cause memory leak?

I have tested this code with GCC, it works but will this succinct
coding cause problem later?

A "memory leak" occurs only when you allocate memory (e.g., by calling
malloc()) and fail to deallocate it (e.g., by calling free()). Since
your code fragment neither allocates nor deallocates any memory, it
cannot leak memory.

It could conceivably be the *cause* of a memory leak. For example, if
b points to the beginning of a malloc()ed block of memory, and you
haven't saved the value of be somewhere else before modifying it, the
fact that b has been changed means that you no longer have a way to
free() the memory (and if you try to pass the modified value of b to
free(), you'll invoke undefined behavior). So don't do that.

--
Keith Thompson (The_Other_Keith) ks***@mib.org <http://www.ghoti.net/~kst>
San Diego Supercomputer Center <* <http://users.sdsc.edu/~kst>
We must do something. This is something. Therefore, we must do this.

[David T. Ashley]

"Keith Thompson" <ks***@mib.orgwrote in message
news:ln************@nuthaus.mib.org...

"wahaha" <zh***********@gmail.comwrites:

>In a small code to implement string copy:

while(*a++ = *b++) ;

both a and b are char pointers. This code works but at the end, when *a
= *b = '\0' finishes, both a and b step one block beyond the last
character of the string which is "\0" because of the "++" operation.
Will this cause memory leak?

I have tested this code with GCC, it works but will this succinct
coding cause problem later?

A "memory leak" occurs only when you allocate memory (e.g., by calling
malloc()) and fail to deallocate it (e.g., by calling free()). Since
your code fragment neither allocates nor deallocates any memory, it
cannot leak memory.

It could conceivably be the *cause* of a memory leak. For example, if
b points to the beginning of a malloc()ed block of memory, and you
haven't saved the value of be somewhere else before modifying it, the
fact that b has been changed means that you no longer have a way to
free() the memory (and if you try to pass the modified value of b to
free(), you'll invoke undefined behavior). So don't do that.

Also:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_leak

Dave.

[chat]

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some element
of b is zero before the last element is reach, then while(*a++ = *b++)
; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true? I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?
chat watchara

[Robert Gamble]

chat wrote:

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some element
of b is zero before the last element is reach, then while(*a++ = *b++)
; will stop before copying the last element.

The question was specifically about copying *strings* which by
definition are terminated by a null character (whose value is 0).
Anything past that wouldn't be part of the string and shouldn't be
copied.

Robert Gamble

[Barry Schwarz]

On 4 Jan 2007 19:04:44 -0800, "chat" <ch***********@gmail.comwrote:

>I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some element
of b is zero before the last element is reach, then while(*a++ = *b++)
; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true? I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?
chat watchara

Whatever element of b contains the first 0 is BY DEFINITION the end of
the string.
Remove del for email

[Keith Thompson]

"chat" <ch***********@gmail.comwrites:

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some element
of b is zero before the last element is reach, then while(*a++ = *b++)
; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true? I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?

What code? Please provide context when posting a followup. See
<http://cfaj.freeshell.org/google/>.

If you encounter a zero character ('\0'), that is by definition the
end of the string.

--
Keith Thompson (The_Other_Keith) ks***@mib.org <http://www.ghoti.net/~kst>
San Diego Supercomputer Center <* <http://users.sdsc.edu/~kst>
We must do something. This is something. Therefore, we must do this.

[Richard Heathfield]

chat said:

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some element
of b is zero before the last element is reach, then while(*a++ = *b++)
; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true?

No, if b is 0, it *is* the last element.

I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?

Neither. It uses the result of the expression *a++ = *b++

If you don't understand it, write a string-copying function that you *do*
understand.

--
Richard Heathfield
"Usenet is a strange place" - dmr 29/7/1999
http://www.cpax.org.uk
email: rjh at the above domain, - www.

[Richard Heathfield]

Richard Heathfield said:

chat said:

>I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some element
of b is zero before the last element is reach, then while(*a++ = *b++)
; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true?

No, if b is 0, it *is* the last element.

*b !!!

--
Richard Heathfield
"Usenet is a strange place" - dmr 29/7/1999
http://www.cpax.org.uk
email: rjh at the above domain, - www.

[Default User]

Keith Thompson wrote:

"chat" <ch***********@gmail.comwrites:

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some
element of b is zero before the last element is reach, then
while(*a++ = *b++) ; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true? I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?

What code? Please provide context when posting a followup. See
<http://cfaj.freeshell.org/google/>.

That's out of date. Google switched their interface so that the default
reply gives quotes now. There's no need to do the extra steps anymore.
To have no quotes, the OP had to specifically delete them.


Brian

[santosh]

Default User wrote:

Keith Thompson wrote:

"chat" <ch***********@gmail.comwrites:

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some
element of b is zero before the last element is reach, then
while(*a++ = *b++) ; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true? I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?

What code? Please provide context when posting a followup. See
<http://cfaj.freeshell.org/google/>.

That's out of date. Google switched their interface so that the default
reply gives quotes now. There's no need to do the extra steps anymore.
To have no quotes, the OP had to specifically delete them.

It's possible, though unlikely, that one or more of the country
specific sub-sites of Google haven't yet been updated regarding this
change. I haven't tested any though.

[Keith Thompson]

"Default User" <de***********@yahoo.comwrites:

Keith Thompson wrote:

>"chat" <ch***********@gmail.comwrites:

I am not sure whether this code work well, for example, if some
element of b is zero before the last element is reach, then
while(*a++ = *b++) ; will stop before copying the last element.
Is it true? I am not sure condition in while loop, it uses *a or a++
for exiting while loop?

What code? Please provide context when posting a followup. See
<http://cfaj.freeshell.org/google/>.

That's out of date. Google switched their interface so that the default
reply gives quotes now. There's no need to do the extra steps anymore.
To have no quotes, the OP had to specifically delete them.

No, it's not out of date. If you read the web page, you'll see that
it acknowledges that Google has fixed its interface; it still has some
good information and links about usenet etiquette.

--
Keith Thompson (The_Other_Keith) ks***@mib.org <http://www.ghoti.net/~kst>
San Diego Supercomputer Center <* <http://users.sdsc.edu/~kst>
We must do something. This is something. Therefore, we must do this.

[Default User]

Keith Thompson wrote:

"Default User" <de***********@yahoo.comwrites:

Keith Thompson wrote:

What code? Please provide context when posting a followup. See
<http://cfaj.freeshell.org/google/>.

That's out of date. Google switched their interface so that the
default reply gives quotes now. There's no need to do the extra
steps anymore. To have no quotes, the OP had to specifically
delete them.

No, it's not out of date. If you read the web page, you'll see that
it acknowledges that Google has fixed its interface; it still has some
good information and links about usenet etiquette.

Ah yes, I see.


Brian