Problem about Static

[utab]

Dear all,

I have a little problem about static class members and could not find
that though it is very easy. Could you please help me?

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class SavingsAccount{
public:
SavingsAccount(double amount){
savingsBalance=amount;
}
void calculateMonthlyInterest(){
double mi; // monthly interest
mi=savingsBalance*annualInterestRate/12;
savingsBalance+=mi;
}
static void modifyInterestRate(double newrate){
annualInterestRate = newrate;
}
double savingsGet() const{
return savingsBalance;
}
static void setannualInterestRate(double rate){
annualInterestRate=rate;
}
private:
static double annualInterestRate;
double savingsBalance;
};

int main()
{
SavingsAccount saver1(2000.0);
SavingsAccount saver2(3000.0);

SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(3.0);

saver1.calculateMonthlyInterest();
saver2.calculateMonthlyInterest();

cout << saver1.savingsGet() << endl;
cout << saver2.savingsGet() << endl;

SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(4.0);

saver1.calculateMonthlyInterest();
saver2.calculateMonthlyInterest();

cout << saver1.savingsGet() << endl;
cout << saver2.savingsGet() << endl;

return 0;

}

[TB]

utab skrev:

Dear all,

I have a little problem about static class members and could not find
that though it is very easy. Could you please help me?
And the problem is?

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class SavingsAccount{
public:
SavingsAccount(double amount){
savingsBalance=amount;
}
void calculateMonthlyInterest(){
double mi; // monthly interest
mi=savingsBalance*annualInterestRate/12;
savingsBalance+=mi;
}
static void modifyInterestRate(double newrate){
annualInterestRate = newrate;
}
double savingsGet() const{
return savingsBalance;
}
static void setannualInterestRate(double rate){
annualInterestRate=rate;
}
private:
static double annualInterestRate;
double savingsBalance;
};

double SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate = 0.0;

<snip>

--
TB @ SWEDEN

[utab]

Sorry for that the problem is

/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::calculateMonthlyInterest()':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount24calcul ateMonthlyInterestEv[SavingsAccount::calculateMonthlyInterest()]+0xd):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(double)':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount18modify InterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(double)]+0x19):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount18modify InterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(double)]+0x1f):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(double)':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount21setann ualInterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(double)]+0x19):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount21setann ualInterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(double)]+0x1f):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

:))

[Michiel.Salters]

utab wrote:

Sorry for that the problem is

/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::calculateMonthlyInterest()':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount24calcul ateMonthlyInterestEv[SavingsAccount::calculateMonthlyInterest()]+0xd):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate' (5 more places in which the same variable is referenced)

Well, as all the error messages say, the problem is simple.
SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate is undefined; so define it.

HTH,
Michiel Salters

[TB]

utab skrev:

Sorry for that the problem is

/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::calculateMonthlyInterest()':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount24calcul ateMonthlyInterestEv[SavingsAccount::calculateMonthlyInterest()]+0xd):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(double)':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount18modify InterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(double)]+0x19):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount18modify InterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::modifyInterestRate(double)]+0x1f):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
/tmp/ccBiUko3.o: In function
`SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(double)':
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount21setann ualInterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(double)]+0x19):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
d2.cc:(.gnu.linkonce.t._ZN14SavingsAccount21setann ualInterestRateEd[SavingsAccount::setannualInterestRate(double)]+0x1f):
undefined reference to `SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

:))

Then define it as I did in my first reply.

--
TB @ SWEDEN

[utab]

how, if I had understood my problem I would not have asked :)) sorry

[utab]

It is static Pay attention please,

you are making a redecleration I guess :(.

thx

[Ben Pope]

utab wrote:

how, if I had understood my problem I would not have asked :)) sorry

If you bothered to quote the replies, you would not only see the answer,
but a description of where the answer is.

Please quote what you are responding to.
Write below the bit you are directly responding to.
Snip anything that you do not want to respond directly to.

Ben Pope
--
I'm not just a number. To many, I'm known as a string...

[utab]

Thx Mr.Pope,

Now if I have made the declerations of class and implementations in
different .h and .cc files I could have declare

double SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate = 0 // in the header file for
class decleration

but here where do I have to that decleration. Since that is static I
think I have to use a static member function to reach that value. So my
confusion is static reach of the problem I guess. Or Maybe this is
wrong simply I have to seperate them to do something like this...

Thx.

[TB]

utab skrev:

Thx Mr.Pope,

Now if I have made the declerations of class and implementations in
different .h and .cc files I could have declare

double SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate = 0 // in the header file for
class decleration

but here where do I have to that decleration. Since that is static I
think I have to use a static member function to reach that value. So my
confusion is static reach of the problem I guess. Or Maybe this is
wrong simply I have to seperate them to do something like this...

Thx.

class A {
public:
// declaration
static int i;
};

// definition of A::i
int A::i;

int main() {
A::i = 8;
}

--
TB @ SWEDEN

[Ben Pope]

utab wrote:

Thx Mr.Pope,

Now if I have made the declerations of class and implementations in
different .h and .cc files I could have declare

double SavingsAccount::annualInterestRate = 0 // in the header file for
class decleration

but here where do I have to that decleration. Since that is static I
think I have to use a static member function to reach that value. So my
confusion is static reach of the problem I guess. Or Maybe this is
wrong simply I have to seperate them to do something like this...

I have no idea what you're talking about.

The program you posted was complete except for the line above, which was
missing. TB told you where you could put it.

Just add the line somewhere after the class declaration and compile and
link it.

Ben Pope
--
I'm not just a number. To many, I'm known as a string...

[Daniel T.]

In article <11**********************@g47g2000cwa.googlegroups .com>,
"utab" <um********@gmail.com> wrote:

I have a little problem about static class members and could not find
that though it is very easy. Could you please help me?

class Foo {
static int bar;
};

The above declares a int named bar in the Foo class, where there will
only be one bar no matter how many Foos are created. *It doesn't define
the bar, it only declares it*.

Somewhere outside the class, you need to define bar, and you need to
make sure that it is only defined once throughout the entire program (IE
you can't put the definition in a header file that is included in more
than one source file.)

The definition would look like this:

int Foo::bar;

optionally (preferred) you can give it an initial value as well:

int Foo::bar = 0;

--
Magic depends on tradition and belief. It does not welcome observation,
nor does it profit by experiment. On the other hand, science is based
on experience; it is open to correction by observation and experiment.

[utab]

Thanks DanielT and TB, no need to be furious Ben Pope :((

I appreciate your help and advice. One more to go, is there a special
issue in static data and member functions because you are declaring
them out of the class. So I have to read maybe carefully once more from
some sources.

you will soon see me in a code of bugs u can be sure of it.

Thanks to you all DanielT, TB and of course Ben Pope :))

c u all. Regards